安乡县代表性生境中外来入侵植物调查分析

Investigation and Analysis of Alien Invasive Plants in Representative Habitats of Anxiang County

为全面摸清安乡县外来入侵植物的现状,采取科学有效的防治措施,调查组对安乡县代表生境中外来入侵植物的种类构成、原产地、生活型和区系组成进行调查分析。结果表明:安乡县共有外来入侵植物57种,隶属21科47属,以菊科、豆科、苋科、禾本科为优势科,分别为16种、6种、5种,分别占入侵物种总种数的28.07%、10.51%、8.77%;种类最多的属为苋属(5种)。外来入侵植物来自美洲地区有42种,占物种总数的73.68%。草本植物共53种,占物种总数的92.98%;外来入侵植物科的主要分布类型为世界广布和泛热带分布;属的主要分布类型为泛热带分布、世界广布和北温带分布。由此可以看出,安乡县的气候条件适宜外来入侵植物的生长发育,危害程度有不断加重的趋势,应该引起相关部门的高度重视。

In order to fully understand the current situation of alien invasive plants in Anxiang County and to take scientific and effective control measures,the investigation team investigated and analyzed the species composition,origin,life form,and flora composition of alien invasive plants in representative habitats of Anxiang County.The results showed that in Anxiang County,there were 57 species of alien invasive plants,belonging to 21 families and 47 genera,with Compositae,Leguminosae,Amaranthaceae,and Gramineae as the dominant families,among which were 16 species,6 species,and 5 species respectively,accounting for 28.07%,10.51%,and 8.77%of the total invasive species respectively;the genuses with the most species were Amaranthus(5 species).There were 42 species of alien invasive plants from America,accounting for 73.68%of the total species.There were 53 species of herbaceous plants,accounting for 92.98%of the total species;the main distribution types of alien invasive plant families were world wide and pantropical;the main distribution types of genera were pantropical distribution,world wide distribution,and north temperate distribution.It can be seen from this that the climate conditions in Anxiang County are suitable for the growth and development of alien invasive plants,and the degree of damage caused by them has a growing trend,to which high attention should be paid by relevant departments.