不同采样方式对孕产妇B族链球菌筛查效果的影响

Influence of different sampling methods on screening effect of group B Streptococcus in pregnant and parturient women

目的 分析不同采样方式对孕产妇B族链球菌(GBS)筛查效果的影响,为保证辖区母婴健康提供一定的参考依据。方法 选择2022年1—10月在深圳市龙华区妇幼保健院接受GBS筛查的300例孕妇作为研究对象,分别采用单拭子联合采集阴道、直肠标本(用培养基配套无菌拭子于阴道下1/3旋转1周取阴道分泌物,后将同一根拭子于肛门周围旋转1周取直肠分泌物)和双拭子分别采集阴道、直肠标本(用两根培养基配套无菌拭子分别于阴道下1/3旋转1周及肛门周围旋转1周取阴道和直肠分泌物),纳入单拭子组和双拭子组。对同一患者先采集双拭子组标本,再采集单拭子组标本。比较两组GBS的检出率。结果 经检测,单拭子联合采集阴道和直肠标本方式对GBS的阳性检出率明显低于双拭子分别采集阴道和直肠标本[6.3%(19/300)比11.0%(33/300),P<0.05]。结论 通过对该院妊娠晚期孕妇GBS筛查结果的分析,推荐采用双拭子分别采集阴道和直肠分泌物标本,以提高GBS检出率,防止漏检事件的发生,减少不良妊娠结局。

Objective To analyze the influence of different sampling methods on the screening effect of group B Streptococcus(GBS),so as to provide certain reference basis for ensuring maternal and infant health in the jurisdiction.Methods A total of 300 pregnant women who underwent GBS screening in Shenzhen Longhua District Maternal and Child Health Hospital from January to October 2022 were selected as research objects.Using a single swab to collect vaginal and rectal specimens(using a culture and sterile swab to rotate 1/3 of the lower part of the vagina for one cycle to collect vaginal secretions,and then rotate the same swab around the anus for one cycle to collect rectal secretions),and a double swab to collect vaginal and rectal specimens(using two culture media paired with sterile swabs,rotate 1/3 of the vagina and one cycle around the anus to collect vaginal and rectal secretions),respectively,and were included as single swab group and double swab group.For the same patient,double swab group specimens were collected first,and then single swab group specimens were collected.The detectable rates of GBS between two groups were compared.Results After testing,the positive detectable rate of GBS using a single swab combined with vaginal and rectal specimen collection was significantly lower than that using a double swab for vaginal and rectal specimen collection[6.3%(19/300)vs.11.0%(33/300),P<0.05].Conclusion Based on the analysis of the GBS screening results of late pregnancy pregnant women in the hospital,it is recommended to use double swabs to collect vaginal and rectal secretions separately,in order to improve the detectable rate of GBS and prevent the occurrence of missed events,and reduce the incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes.