3053例就诊女性人乳头瘤病毒感染现状分析

Analysis of human papillomavirus infection in 3053 women with medical examination

目的 通过回顾并调查分析宜昌地区不同年龄段就诊女性人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)的感染和流行情况,为防治HPV提供理论依据。方法 选择国药葛洲坝中心医院2021年1月—2022年6月收治的3 053例就诊女性作为研究对象,根据年龄分为6组,分别为21~30岁组(229例)、31~40岁组(568例)、41~50岁组(1 102例)、51~60岁组(871例)、61~70岁组(235例)、>70岁组(48例)。采用聚合酶链反应(PCR)-反向杂交法进行HPV基因分型检测,统计并分析不同年龄组女性的HPV感染情况。结果 3 053例受检者中共检出HPV阳性421例,阳性率为13.79%。其中单一亚型感染328例,占所有感染的77.91%(328/421);双重亚型感染70例,占所有感染的16.63%(70/421);多重亚型感染23例,占所有感染的5.46%(23/421)。对不同年龄组女性的HPV感染阳性率进行统计分析,结果显示差异均有统计学意义,其中21~30岁组和51~60岁组的阳性率分别为18.34%(42/229)、16.19%(141/871),明显高于其他各组,分别为31~40岁组12.32%(70/568)、41~50岁组12.43%(137/1 102)、61~70岁组10.64%(25/235)、>70岁组12.50%(6/48)。高危亚型HPV的阳性检出率为10.12%(309/3 053),其中最常见的感染型别为HPV52亚型,共74例,占比为13.58%(74/545);其次是HPV58亚型,共45例,占比为8.26%(45/545);HPV16亚型共33例,占比为6.06%(33/545)。低危亚型以HPV44亚型居多,共41例,占比为7.52%(41/545);其次为HPV42亚型,共34例,占比为6.24%(34/545)。疑似高危型以HPV53亚型最多,占比为8.26%(45/545)。结论 宜昌地区不同年龄段女性的HPV感染情况有所不同,以高危型感染和单一感染为主,宫颈癌防治策略应针对不同年龄人群开展HPV基因亚型常规检测。

Objective To investigate the cervical human papillomavirus(HPV)infection of women in different age groups in Yichang area,and provide theoretical basis for prevention and treatment of HPV.Methods The 3053 women admitted to Gezhouba Central Hospital of Sinopharm from January 2021 to June 2022 were selected as research objects,and divided into six groups according to age,such as 21-30 years old group(229 cases),31-40 years old group(568 cases),41-50 years old group(1102 cases),51-60 years old group(871 cases),61-70 years old group(235 cases)and>70 years old group(48 cases).HPV genotyping detection was carried out using conventional polymerase chain reaction(PCR)-reverse hybridization,and HPV infection situation in women of different age groups was statistically analyzed.Results Out of 3053 patients,421 cases were positive for HPV,with a positive rate of 13.79%.Among them,there were 328 cases of single subtype infection,accounting for 77.91%(328/421)of all infections,70 cases were double subtype infection,accounting for 16.63%(70/421)of all infections,and 23 cases were multiple subtype infection,accounting for 5.46%(23/421)of all infections.By conducting statistical analysis on the positive rates of HPV infection in different age groups,it was found that the differences were statistically significant,with the positive rates of 18.34%(42/229)and 16.19%(141/871)in 21-30 years old group and 51-60 years old group,respectively,which were significantly higher than other groups,with 12.32%(70/568)in 31-40 years old group,12.43%(137/1102)in 41-50 years old group,10.64%(25/235)in 61-70 years old group,and 8.26%(45/545)in>70 years old group.The positive detectable rate of high-risk subtype HPV was 10.12%(309/3053),with the most common infection type being HPV52 subtype,with a total of 74 cases,accounting for 13.58%(74/545).The second was HPV58 subtype,with 45 cases,accounting for 8.26%(45/545).There were 33 cases of HPV16 subtype,accounting for 6.06%(33/545).The majority of low-risk subtypes was HPV44 subtype,with 41 cases,accounting for 7.52%(41/545).The second subtype was HPV42 subtype,with 34 cases,accounting for 6.24%(34/545).The HPV53 subtype was the most suspected high-risk type,accounting for 8.26%(45/545).Conclusions The HPV infection situation varies among women in different age groups in Yichang area,with high-risk and single infection being the main types.The prevention and treatment strategy for cervical cancer should carry out routine testing of HPV gene subtypes for different age groups.