德国博物馆集群化初探——以柏林的博物馆分布为例

Research on the Clustering of German Museums--Taking the Distribution of Museums in Berlin as an Example

德国是欧洲博物馆界的翘楚,其中柏林国家博物馆、德累斯顿国家艺术收藏馆都在全欧占有重要地位。通过对德国柏林、德累斯顿、慕尼黑等地的各级博物馆,尤其是柏林的博物馆分布、规划的深入调研,可以发现德国的博物馆呈现出集群化特点,星罗云布且规模不等的博物馆集群各具特色,形成了有效的互补与互动,汇聚为文化合力。这对于目前北京、上海等多座城市正在推进的博物馆之城建设可资借鉴。

Germany is the leader of museums in Europe,among which the Berlin State Museum and Dresden State Art Collection are all occupying important positions in the whole Europe.Through in-depth investigation on the distribution and planning of museums at all levels in Berlin,Dresden,Munich and other places,especially in Berlin,it can be found that museums in Germany show the characteristics of clustering.Museums clusters of various sizes and stars have their own characteristics,forming effective complementary interaction and cultural synergy.This can be used as a reference for the construction of museum city in many cities such as Beijing and Shanghai.