不同树种树皮物理特征与光肩星天牛危害的关系

Relationship between Bark Physical Characteristics of Different Host Trees and Damage of Anoplohora glabripennis

为了明确不同树种树皮物理特性对光肩星天牛Anoplohora glabripennis刻槽产卵的影响。在调查光肩星天牛对甘肃省河西地区不同树种危害情况的基础上,对其4种常见寄主(新疆杨Populus alba var.pyramidalis、二白杨Populus gansuensis、柳树Salix babylonica、沙枣Elaeagnus moorceroftii)的树皮粗糙度、厚度、硬度及木质部厚度等物理特征进行测量,并对寄主物理特征与危害程度进行相关性分析。结果表明:光肩星天牛在不同寄主上的刻槽数量为二白杨>柳树>沙枣>新疆杨,羽化孔数量为:二白杨>柳树>新疆杨>沙枣,其中沙枣虽有较多刻槽但未发现天牛羽化孔。柳树与二白杨的树皮粗糙度和树皮厚度显著大于新疆杨。沙枣木质部厚度最大,二白杨的木质部厚度最小,2种杨树的树皮硬度均较低。相关性分析显示光肩星天牛的寄主选择与寄主树皮粗糙度和树皮厚度呈正比;与木皮比值呈负相关。树皮粗糙度和树皮厚度越大对光肩星天牛危害的抗性越弱,故新疆杨受天牛危害较轻;光肩星天牛虽喜欢危害沙枣树但并不能发育成功,可作为光肩星天牛的诱杀树种。

In order to clarify the effect of bark physical characteristics of host trees on oviposition slits of the long-horned beetle Anoplohora glabripennis,the roughness,thickness,hardness and xylem thickness of four host trees in the Hexi Corridor were measured.The damage caused by A.glabripennis to different host trees were investigated,then the correlation of the physical characteristics and the damage degree were analyzed.The results showed that the order of oviposition slits numbers caused by A.glabripennis on different hosts was Populus gansuensis>Salix babylonica>Elaeagnus moorceroftii>Populus alba var.pyramidalis,while the order of emergence holes was P.gansuensis>S.babylonica>P.alba var.pyramidalis>E.moorceroftii.Among which,the emergence hole of A.glabripennis were not found while many oviposition slits in E.moorceroftii were found.The bark roughness and thickness of S.babylonica and P.gansuensis were significantly higher than those of P.alba var.pyramidalis(P<0.05).The xylem thickness and bark thickness of E.moorceroftii were the highest,while the xylem thickness of P.gansuensis was the lowest,and the bark hardness of the two species was lower.The correlation analysis showed that host selection of A.glabripennis was positively correlated with host bark roughness and thickness,and negatively correlated with wood xylem thickness/bark thickness.The results indicated that the greater the bark roughness and thickness,the weaker the resistance to A.glabripennis.Therefore,P.alba var.pyramidalis is less damaged by aspen.A.glabripennis preferred to feed on date palms,but they can not finish their life cycle successfully,so it is strongly recommended to be used as A.glabripennis booby-trapped tree species.This study provides a theoretical basis and guidance for screening resistant tree species for the control of A.glabripennis.