我国海洋文化政策的发展历程、特征及演进规律——基于“情境—注意力”视角的分析

Analysis of Marine Culture Construction in China:Development Process,Characteristics,and Evolution Law--Based on Context-attention Perspective

随着海洋强国战略的实施,厘清海洋文化政策的发展脉络与演变逻辑,对新时期我国政府进行海洋文化政策制定与调整具有重要现实意义。根据中央层面发布的政策,我国海洋文化政策可划分为政治稳定主导下的政策萌芽期、经济科技驱动下的政策发展期和战略转型调整下的政策聚集期三个阶段。基于“情境—注意力”的分析框架,分析每个阶段的政策情境及决策者注意力对海洋文化政策演变的影响,发现我国海洋文化政策演进的过程呈现以下特征:政策重心从海权和海洋科技转向海洋意识教育;政策结构从独立单一向“政策群”过渡。海洋文化政策演进的内在逻辑表现为:政策过程的动力机制为党政领导人的高位推动;政策情境的适应逻辑是多源流引发领导注意力转移;政策变迁的内在机理是海洋理念的阶段式更新。

With the implementation of the Marine Power Strategy,it is of great practical significance to clarify the development context and evolution logic of Marine Culture Policy for the Chinese government to formulate and adjust Marine Culture Policy in the new era.According to the policies issued by the central government,the development of China’s marine culture policies since the founding of the People’s Republic of China in 1949 can be divided into three stages:The policy embryonic period dominated by political stability,the policy development period driven by economy,science,and technology,and the policy gathering period of strategic transformation and adjustment.Based on the framework of“context-attention”,this paper focuses on the influ⁃ence of policy context and decision-makers’attention on the evolution of marine cultural policies at each stage,and finds that the evolution process of marine cultural policies presents the following characteristics:The policy focus shifts from sea power and marine science and technology to marine awareness education;the policy structure transitions from an independent single to a“policy group”.The internal logic of the evolution of marine culture policy is as follows:The dynamic mechanism of the policy process is promoted by the high level of party and government leaders;the adaptive logic of the policy situation is that the multi-source flow stimulates the shift of leadership attention;the internal mechanism of policy change is the phased renewal of the leading ocean concept.