杀菌剂热浴改性对竹材防霉与胶合性能的影响

Effects of hot fungicide bath modification on the mold resistance and gluing properties of bamboo

【目的】为了克服竹材易霉变的缺陷,采用水性杀菌剂对竹材进行热浴改性处理,揭示了改性处理对竹材防霉及胶合性能的影响规律,为研发竹材高效防霉技术提供科学依据。【方法】采用水性异噻唑啉酮衍生物复合杀菌剂(MBI)、异噻唑啉酮衍生物与氨基甲酸酯衍生物复合杀菌剂(DIB)、硼砂硼酸混合物(BB)溶液对竹片进行热浴改性处理,系统研究了改性处理条件对竹材吸液率、失重率、淀粉含量、接触角、竹材防霉和胶合性能、有机杀菌剂循环热浴稳定性的影响规律。【结果】相较于25℃浸泡处理,杀菌剂热浴改性提升了竹材的吸液率、失重率、淀粉脱除率及防霉性能,且有机杀菌剂的防霉效率高于无机杀菌剂,其中DIB与MBI热浴处理竹材对黑曲霉与混合菌(桔青霉和绿色木霉)的防治效力均可达到100%。经杀菌剂热浴处理后,MBI和BB改性处理竹材的表面润湿性降低,胶合性能提升,DIB改性处理竹材的表面润湿性提升,胶合性能基本保持不变,表明杀菌剂热浴改性处理对竹材表面润湿性和胶合性能的影响与杀菌剂的种类相关。经过10次循环热浴处理后,DIB、MBI处理液的抑菌活性下降幅度均不超过30%,表明水性有机杀菌剂的热浴稳定性高。【结论】杀菌剂热浴改性处理能显著提升竹材的防霉性能,且对竹材胶合性能无负面影响,可满足工业化循环处理需求,为竹材防霉技术研究提供了参考与借鉴。

【Objective】To improve the mold resistance of bamboo,a hot bath treatment with fungicides was proposed,and its impact on the mold resistance and gluing performance of bamboo was investigated.【Method】Three types of water-borne fungicides,including a mixture of different isothiazolinone derivatives(MBI),a mixture of isothiazolinone derivative and carbamate derivative(DIB)and a mixture of boric acid and borax(BB)were applied in the hot bath treatment of bamboo.After the hot fungicide bath,the absorption rate,weight loss rate,starch content,contact angle,mold resistance and the gluing performance of bamboo and the stability of organic fungicides were systematically studied.【Result】Compared with a fungicide bath treatment at 25℃,the absorption rate,weight loss rate,starch removal rate and mold resistance of bamboo were improved when the fungicide bath treatment was conducted at 60℃and 80℃.Organic biocides were more effective than inorganic fungicides in improving the mold resistance of bamboo.The efficiency of both DIB and MBI hot bath treatment at 60℃and 80℃in protecting bamboo against Aspergillus niger and mixed fungi(Penicillium citrinum and Trichoderma viride)was 100%.After the hot bath treatment with fungicides,the MBI/BB modified bamboo showed an increase in the surface wettability and the gluing performance,while there was no change in these indexes under the treatment with hot DIB.The results indicated that the effect of the hot bath with fungicides on the wettability and gluing performance of bamboo surfaces was related to the types of fungicides.After 10 cycles of the hot bath treatment,the antifungal activity of DIB and MBI solutions decreased,and the decreasing rate was less than 30%,indicating that both DIB and MBI solutions had excellent thermal stability.【Conclusion】The results suggested that a hot fungicide treatment can significantly improve the mold resistance of bamboo with no negative impact on the gluing property.The fungicides used in this work showed high stability in the hot bath treatment,and our work has provided a scientific basis for the development of anti-mold technology for bamboo.