细胞外囊泡携带非编码RNA调控破骨细胞的活化

Extracellular vesicles carrying non-coding RNA regulate the activation of osteoclasts

背景:目前已证明破骨细胞活化在骨骼系统相关疾病中发挥着重要的作用,胞外囊泡携带非编码RNA调控破骨细胞活化的机制仍未完全阐明。目的:阅读并总结国内外相关文献,按细胞外囊泡中不同的非编码RNA在不同疾病中调控破骨细胞活化进行综述,为后续研究提供一定的方向。方法:以“非编码RNA,miRNA,lncRNA,circRNA,snoRNA,破骨细胞,细胞外囊泡,外泌体,膜微粒,凋亡小体”为检索词检索中国知网、万方、维普等数据库,以“extracellular vesicles,exosome,microparticle,apoptotic bodies,non-coding RNA,miRNA,lncRNA,circRNA,snoRNA,osteoclast”为检索词检索Pub Med等数据库,最终纳入71篇文献进行综述。结果与结论:(1)破骨细胞的活化受多种因素影响,其中非编码RNA调控破骨细胞活化的具体机制尚未明确。(2)细胞外囊泡可以由成骨细胞、骨髓间充质干细胞、肿瘤细胞等多种细胞分泌,作为细胞间通讯的一种载体,能够携带非编码RNA对破骨细胞活化进行调控。(3)目前关于细胞外囊泡携带非编码RNA调控破骨细胞活化的疾病研究中,多数为骨质疏松,其次为肿瘤骨转移,而非编码RNA的种类又以mi RNA最多。(4)细胞外囊泡携带长链非编码RNA、环状RNA及核仁小RNA调控破骨细胞活化的相关研究相对较少,其调控机制主要为竞争性内源RNA机制。(5)综上,深入研究细胞外囊泡携带非编码RNA对破骨细胞活化的调控机制,有助于找到治疗骨骼系统相关疾病的关键靶点。

BACKGROUND:It has been demonstrated that osteoclast activation plays an important role in skeletal system-related diseases.The mechanism of regulation of osteoclast activation by extracellular vesicles carrying non-coding RNA has not been fully elucidated.OBJECTIVE:To review and summarize relevant literature in and outside China,and to review the regulation of osteoclast activation by different non-coding RNAs in extracellular vesicles in different diseases,so as to provide a certain direction for subsequent research.METHODS:“Non-coding RNA,miRNA,lncRNA,circRNA,snoRNA,osteoclasts,extracellular vesicles,exosome,microparticle,apoptotic bodies”were used as search terms to search the databases of CNKI,WanFang,and VIP.“Extracellular vesicles,exosome,microparticle,apoptotic bodies,non-coding RNA,miRNA,lncRNA,circRNA,snoRNA,osteoclast”were used as search terms to search PubMed.Finally,71 articles were included.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)The activation of osteoclasts is affected by many factors,among which the specific mechanism of non-coding RNA regulating osteoclast activation is not clear.(2)Extracellular vesicles can be secreted by osteoblasts,bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells,tumor cells and other cells.As a carrier of intercellular communication,extracellular vesicles can carry non-coding RNA to regulate osteoclast activation.(3)In the current studies on the regulation of osteoclast activation by extracellular vesicles carrying non-coding RNA,most of the diseases are osteoporosis,followed by tumor bone metastasis,and most types of non-coding RNA are miRNA.(4)There are relatively few studies on the regulation of extracellular vesicles carrying lncRNA and circRNA and snoRNA on osteoclast activation,and the regulatory mechanism is mainly ceRNA mechanism.(5)In conclusion,an in-depth study of the regulatory mechanism of extracellular vesicles carrying non-coding RNA on osteoclast activation is helpful to find key targets for the treatment of skeletal system-related diseases.