地方政府自我约束的程序进路——以N县“审批法庭”为例

The Due Process of Local Government's Self-Restraint:A Case Study on“Examination and Approval Court”

如何整合“纵向权威维护”与“横向诉求回应”两条轴线以实现地方政府自我约束,是法治政府建设和地方政府治理现代化必须面对的问题。在正当程序视角下可提出以程序进路整合地方政府自我约束双轴线的命题。论文以Z省N县模拟创设的“审批法庭”为个案,研究发现:正当议程、中立裁决者、开放论证、裁决和程序的闭环反馈是地方政府自我约束程序进路的五个构件。其中,议程以法律权威与公众诉求为正当性双重标准。裁决者的中立性源于组织重构、顶层授权以及对利益相关者的相对平等赋权。法律与合意是裁决的共同基础,后者被用于应对法律冲突或治理风险。信息技术可在效能上支持开放论证、裁决执行与程序的自我反馈及纠偏。通过刻画地方政府自我约束的程序样态及其理论要素,研究可为治理与法治的融通拓展制度建构的路径。

Integrating the two axes of“vertical authority maintenance”and“horizontal appeal response”and thereby exercise local government self-restraint is a problem that must be emphasized in building rule of law and the modernization of local governance.Due process has the potential to integrate the dual axes.A case study of the“Examination and Approval Court”in N County,Z Province,found that:due agenda,neutral adjudicator,open argumentation,adjudication,and closed-loop feedback are the five components of the local government's self-restraint process.The agenda takes legal authority and public appeals as the standards of legitimacy.The neutrality of the adjudicator stems from organizational restructuring,top-level authorization,and the relatively equal empowerment of stakeholders.Law and consensus are the basis for adjudication,and the consensus is used to deal with legal conflicts or governance risks.Information technology can effectively support open argumentation,adjudication enforcement,self-feedback and correction of procedures.By portraying the local government's self-restraint process and its theoretical elements,it can expand the path of institutional construction for the integration of governance and rule of law.