金属离子在骨组织工程中的应用

Application of metal ions in bone tissue engineering

背景:金属离子在人体中发挥着重要的作用,随着材料合成和加工技术的进步,目前多种可应用于骨组织工程中的金属离子已被开发,如镁(Mg2+)、锌(Zn2+)、锰(Mn2+)、锶(Sr2+)、铜(Cu2+)等。目的:总结各金属离子在骨组织工程中的研究进展和发展方向。方法:检索2014-2022年期间中国知网数据库、PubMed数据库、万方数据库收录的文献,中文检索词为“金属离子,骨组织工程,成骨活性,镁离子,锌离子,锰离子,锶离子,铜离子,钙离子,锂离子,钴离子”,英文检索词为“metal ions,bone tissue engineering,osteogenic activity,magnesium ions,zinc ions,manganese ions,strontium ions,copper ions,calcium ions,lithium ions,cobalt ions”。结果与结论:不同金属离子随材料植入体内后会发生不同程度的释放,可改变组织微环境,从而改善材料成血管、成骨的能力。与生长因子相比,金属离子更易控制释放速率,且成本更低,还能够改善植入材料力学性能。金属离子在骨组织工程中的应用充满前景,虽然部分金属离子已经可以用于治疗骨缺损,但许多金属离子在人体内的作用机制尚未完全明确、应用效果缺少临床试验验证,投入临床应用前还需进一步探索。

BACKGROUND:Metal ions play an important role in the human body.With the progress of material synthesis and processing technology,a variety of metal ions that can be used in bone tissue engineering have been developed,such as magnesium(Mg2+),zinc(Zn2+),manganese(Mn2+),strontium(Sr2+),and copper(Cu2+).OBJECTIVE:To summarize the research progress and development direction of metal ions in bone tissue engineering.METHODS:The literature collected by CNKI,PubMed and WanFang databases from 2014 to 2022 was retrieved.The Chinese and English key words were“metal ions,bone tissue engineering,osteogenic activity,magnesium ions,zinc ions,manganese ions,strontium ions,copper ions,calcium ions,lithium ions,cobalt ions”.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Different metal ions will be released to varying degrees after the materials are implanted into the body,which can change the tissue microenvironment,thus improving the ability of materials to form blood vessels and bones.Compared with growth factors,metal ions are easier to control the release rate,have lower cost,and can also improve the mechanical properties of implant materials.The application of metal ions in bone tissue engineering is full of prospects.Although some metal ions can already be used to treat bone defects,the mechanism of action of many metal ions in the human body is not completely clear,and the application effect is a lack of clinical experiment verification.Further exploration is needed before clinical application.