间充质干细胞促进肌肉组织修复的应用前景

Application prospect of mesenchymal stem cells in promoting muscle tissue repair

背景:间充质干细胞是从骨髓、脂肪、脐带等多种组织中分离出来的多能基质细胞,可分化成不同的细胞类型,并分泌多种具有治疗潜能的蛋白,在肌肉组织修复中有良好的应用前景。目的:综述间充质干细胞促进肌肉组织修复的研究进展,为进一步临床应用提供理论依据。方法:检索中国知网、维普、万方、PubMed、Embase及Web of Science数据库从建库至2022年相关文献,检索词为“间充质干细胞,肌肉组织,肌肉损伤,肌肉萎缩,外泌体,支架”和“mesenchymal stem cells,muscle tissue,muscle injury,muscle atrophy,exosomes,scaffolds”。筛选间充质干细胞促进肌纤维增殖修复的文献,共纳入98篇文献进行综述分析。结果与结论:①间充质干细胞促进肌纤维增殖修复的相关机制复杂,多以抗炎、抑制间质纤维化、抑制脂肪形成等方式促进肌纤维增殖修复;②基于间充质干细胞的相关生物支架、细胞共培养等可明显弥补间充质干细胞定植后存活率低的缺点;③当前间充质干细胞疗法仍有明显的局限性,未来间充质干细胞联合其他治疗方式应当成为主要的发展趋势。

BACKGROUND:Mesenchymal stem cells are multipotent stromal cells isolated from bone marrow,fat,umbilical cord and other tissues.It can differentiate into different cell types and secrete a variety of proteins with therapeutic potential,which has a good application prospect in the repair of muscle tissue.OBJECTIVE:To review the research progress of mesenchymal stem cells in promoting muscle tissue repair and provide a theoretical basis for further clinical application.METHODS:Relevant articles published from inception to 2022 were retrieved from CNKI,VIP,WanFang,PubMed,Embase and Web of Science databases.The keywords were“mesenchymal stem cells,muscle tissue,muscle injury,muscle atrophy,exosomes,scaffolds”in Chinese and English.The literature about mesenchymal stem cell migration promoting muscle fiber proliferation and repair was screened.Finally,98 articles were included for review and analysis.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)The related mechanisms of mesenchymal stem cell migration promoting muscle fiber proliferation and repair are complex,mostly by anti-inflammatory,inhibiting interstitial fibrosis,inhibiting the fat formation and other ways to promote muscle fiber proliferation and repair.(2)The related biological scaffolds and cell co-culture based on mesenchymal stem cells can significantly compensate for the low survival rate of mesenchymal stem cells after colonization.(3)At present,mesenchymal stem cell therapy still has apparent limitations.In the future,mesenchymal stem cells combined with other therapies should become the primary development trend.