静态拉伸对大鼠椎间盘髓核和纤维环的影响

Effects of static traction on the nucleus pulposus and annulus fibrosus of the rat intervertebral disc

背景:牵引在临床上用于椎间盘退变早期的治疗,但其对正常椎间盘的影响仍未可知,是直接造成椎间盘退变还是正向作用即是此次实验的观察要点。目的:建立大鼠尾椎椎间盘静态拉伸模型,观察静态拉伸对椎间盘髓核和纤维环的影响。方法:选用20只3月龄SD大鼠,采用外固定装置静态拉伸大鼠尾椎7/8、8/9、9/10椎间隙1 mm,6/7、10/11椎间盘作为对照;拉伸2,4,6,8周随机抽取5只大鼠进行尾椎椎间盘MRI T2加权扫描、组织切片染色、合成分解代谢RT-PCR基因检测,观察静态拉伸对椎间盘髓核和纤维环的影响。结果与结论:①大鼠尾椎椎间盘经过短期静态拉伸后,椎间盘髓核区的T2加权像信号增强;②整个拉伸期间,髓核区域髓核细胞生长状态良好,细胞间基质含量丰富,纤维环排布整齐;③RT-PCR结果显示,拉伸之后蛋白多糖基因表达升高,基质金属蛋白酶3表达降低,Ⅰ、Ⅱ型胶原基因表达降低,基质金属蛋白酶13表达升高,基质金属蛋白酶抑制剂1表达升高,这些基因结果也进一步表明拉伸使得蛋白多糖更趋向合成代谢状态,Ⅰ、Ⅱ型胶原更趋向于分解代谢状态;④结果提示静态拉伸有助于促进髓核区域蛋白多糖的合成代谢,使得水分得以维持。

BACKGROUND:Traction is clinically used for the early treatment of intervertebral disc degeneration,but its effect on the normal intervertebral disc remains unknown.Whether it directly causes intervertebral disc degeneration or has a positive effect is the key point of this study.OBJECTIVE:To design a static traction model and observe the effect of static traction on the nucleus pulposus and annulus fibrosus of the intervertebral disc METHODS:Twenty Sprague-Dawley rats,3 months of age,were included in the study.The intervertebral disc spaces between 7/8,8/9 and 9/10 were stretched by 1 mm,and the intervertebral disc spaces between 6/7 and 10/11 were used as control.Five rats were randomly selected at 2,4,6,and 8 weeks of traction to perform MRI T2-weighted scans of the caudal vertebra,tissue section staining,and RT-PCR gene assays for anabolic metabolism to observe the effects of static traction on the nucleus pulposus and annulus fibrosus of the intervertebral disc.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:After short-term static traction of the rat caudal vertebra,the T2-weighted image signal in the nucleus pulposus region was enhanced.During the traction period,nucleus pulposus cells grew well,the intercellular matrix was abundant,and the annulus fibrosus arranged regularly.The RT-PCR results showed that after traction,the mRNA expression of proteoglycan increased,the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-3 decreased,the expression of type I and II collagen decreased,and the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-13 increased and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase 1 increased.These gene results also indicated that traction made proteoglycan more inclined to an anabolic state,and type I and II collagen more inclined to a catabolic state.To conclude,static traction promotes proteoglycan anabolism making the nucleus pulposus moist.