催化剂生产过程重金属废水处理研究及工业试验

Research and Industrial Test on Treatment of Heavy Metal Wastewater in Catalyst Production Process

针对上海某公司催化剂生产过程产生的重金属废水深度处理的需求,采用化学还原-分步沉淀处理工艺技术开展了废水处理工业试验。对不同工况的重金属废水进行了预处理研究,结果表明含NH_(4)^(+)的重金属废水通过控制pH或增加沉淀剂用量均可有效破除镍氨的络合作用;含有CO_(3)^(2-)的重金属废水通过调节酸性预先去除CO_(3)^(2-),化学还原-分步沉淀处理后废水达到排放标准。将不同pH的重金属废水混合处理,并使用生石灰调节废水pH,能够有效提高压滤效率,降低废水处理成本,运行费用为30元/吨废水。工业试验运行结果表明,经处理后出水中Ni质量浓度<0.10 mg/L,总Cr质量浓度<0.15 mg/L,pH稳定在7~9,出水水质达到上海市地方标准DB 31/199-2018中污染物最高允许排放的一级标准要求,实现了重金属废水的深度处理。

In response to the demand for advanced treatment of heavy metal wastewater generated by the catalyst production process of a company in Shanghai,an industrial application test of wastewater treatment was carried out using chemical reduction-step precipitation treatment technology.The results showed that the complexation between nickel ions and NH_(3)·H_(2)O in heavy metal wastewater containing NH4+could be effectively eliminated by controlling the pH or increasing the amount of precipitating agent.The heavy metal wastewater with CO_(3)^(2-)was treated by adding acid to remove CO_(3)^(2-),and the wastewater reached the discharge standard after chemical reduction-step precipitation treatment.Mixing treatment of heavy metal wastewater with different pH and using quicklime to adjust the pH of wastewater can improve the filter press's efficiency and reduce the wastewater treatment cost.The operating cost is 30 yuan per ton of wastewater.The industrial test results showed that the Ni mass concentration in the treated effluent was less than 0.1 mg/L,the total Cr was less than 0.15 mg/L,the pH was stable at 7~9,and the quality of the wastewater meets the requirements of the first-class standard for the maximum allowable discharge of pollutants in the Shanghai local standard DB 31/199-2018,realizing the advanced treatment of heavy metal wastewater.