丹东地区新石器-青铜时代聚落遗址空间分布研究

Spatial Distribution of Neolithic-Bronze Age Settlement Sites in Dandong Region

运用ArcGIS软件和DEM数字高程模型对丹东地区新石器时代及青铜时代的聚落遗址空间分布特征开展研究,能够考察出不同时期聚落遗址受高程、坡度、坡向、水系4种地理环境影响的程度。研究发现,古人类聚落选址受自然环境制约,新石器时代与青铜时代的聚落遗址数量相差不大,遗址点分布均在低海拔区域,且随着地势坡度升高聚落数量逐渐减少。坡向的选择以东、东南、西南居多,坡向分布有均匀化趋势,表明随着时间推移,坡向条件对聚落分布的影响逐渐减弱。两时期的聚落遗址沿河分布,且青铜时代较新石器时代的濒河度有所减弱。

ArcGIS software and DEM digital elevation model are used to study the spatial distribution characteristics of settlement sites in Neolithic and Bronze Age in Dandong Area.The degree of influence of 4 geographical environments,namely elevation,slope,slope direction and water system on settlement sites in different periods.It is found that the location of ancient human settlements is restricted by the natural environment,the number of settlement sites in Neolithic and Bronze Age is not much different,sites are all distributed in low altitude areas,and the number of settlements gradually decreases with the increase of terrain slope.The settlement sites are mostly located in the eastern,southeast and southwest,with average distribution.This indicates that the influence of slop condition gradually weakens settlement distribution.Settlement sites of the two periods are distributed along the river,and the degree of riverness in the Bronze Age is weaker than that in the Neolithic Age.