2014年-2021年安徽省某三甲医院老年住院患者根本死因分析

Analysis of Fundamental Causes of Death Among Elderly Hospitalized Patients in A Ter⁃tiary Hospital in Anhui Province from 2014 to 2021

目的:对安徽省某三甲医院老年住院死亡患者根本死因进行分析,为构建老年人疾病防治体系,提高预期寿命提供理论依据。方法:采用描述性研究,回顾性分析2014-2021年间安徽省某三甲医院老年住院死亡患者的分布特征及根本死因构成。结果:2014-2021年≥60岁住院死亡患者共4175例,男女性别比为1.90∶1,各年龄段男性死亡人数均多于女性;中位死亡年龄为76(69~82)岁,男性与女性死亡年龄差异无统计学意义(Z=-1.622,P=0.105);冬季死亡人数最多,其次为秋季、夏季、春季。帕累托图分析显示主要死因为循环系统疾病(1513人,36.24%)、肿瘤(1350人,32.34%)、伤害(337人,8.07%);不同年龄段首位死因不同,60-74岁年龄段首位死因为肿瘤,≥75岁年龄段首位死因为循环系统疾病;随着年龄增加,循环系统疾病、呼吸系统疾病在老年人根本死因中占比逐渐升高,肿瘤、伤害占比逐渐降低。结论:安徽省某三甲医院老年住院死亡患者的根本死因相对集中,主要为循环系统疾病、肿瘤、伤害,不同年龄段主要根本死因不同,医院可针对性开展疾病的预防、筛查和诊治工作。

Objective:Analyzing the fundamental causes of death among elderly hospitalized patients in a tertiary hospital in Anhui Province,in order to provide a theoretical basis for building a disease prevention and treatment system for the elderly and improving life expectancy.Method:Descriptive research was used to retrospectively analyze the distribution characteristics and fundamental cause of death of elderly inpatients in a tertiary hospital in Anhui province from 2014 to 2021.Results:From 2014 to 2021,there were 4,175 inpatients aged over 60 years old who died.The sex ratio of men and women was 1.90∶1.The number of male deaths in all age groups was more than that of female deaths.The median age of death was 76(69-82)years old,and there was no statistically significant difference in age of death between males and females(Z=-1.622,P=0.105).The number of deaths in winter is the highest,followed by autumn,summer,and spring.Pareto plot analysis showed that the main root causes of death were circulatory system diseases(1,513 people,36.24%),tumors(1,350 people,32.34%),and injuries(337 people,8.07%).The first cause of death varies among different age groups,with tumors being the first cause of death between 60to 74 years old,and circulatory system diseases being the first cause of deathwith≥75 years old.As age increases,the proportion of circulatory and respiratory diseases in the root causes of death in the el⁃derly gradually increases,while the proportion of tumors and injuries gradually decreases.Conclusion:The fundamental causes of death among elderly hospitalized patients in a tertiary hospital in Anhui province are relatively concentrated,mainly including circula⁃tory system diseases,tumors,and injuries.The main fundamental causes of death are different in vary age groups.Hospitals can carry out targeted disease prevention,screening,and diagnosis and treatment work.