微生态制剂对黄羽肉鸡生长性能和疫苗免疫效果的影响

Effects of Microecological Preparation on Growth Performance and Vaccine Immunity of Yellow-Feathered Broilers

试验旨在研究复合微生态制剂对黄羽肉鸡生长性能和疫苗免疫效果的影响。将150只1日龄黄羽肉鸡[(34.5±1.5)g]随机分成对照组和4个试验组,全部接种禽流感-新城疫二联灭活疫苗,对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验组在基础日粮中分别添加2×10^(5) CFU/g丁酸梭菌、0.4%低聚果糖、107 CFU/g酿酒酵母等不同组合的微生态制剂,定期测定生长性能指标和禽流感、新城疫抗体效价。结果显示:84日龄时,试验Ⅲ组胃肠道指数显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。对于22~42日龄段幼龄黄羽肉鸡,与对照组比较,试验Ⅱ组平均日增重显著提高(P<0.05)、料重比显著降低(P<0.05),试验Ⅲ组平均日增重显著降低(P<0.05)。对42日龄以上青年黄羽肉鸡,与对照组比较,试验Ⅰ组和Ⅲ组平均日增重显著提高(P<0.05)、料重比显著降低(P<0.05),试验Ⅳ组平均日采食量和料重比显著降低(P<0.05),而试验Ⅱ组无明显影响;与对照组比较,试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组提高了禽流感抗体效价峰值和抗体保持时间,试验组对新城疫抗体效价无显著影响。综合考虑:在幼龄黄羽肉鸡的日粮中添加合适剂量的丁酸梭菌-低聚果糖复合物可以提高生长性能,但不宜单独添加活性酵母;在中青年黄羽肉鸡日粮中单独添加低剂量的丁酸梭菌、酵母菌或丁酸梭菌-酵母复合物可提高肉鸡生长性能和禽流感疫苗免疫应答水平及抗体保持时间。

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of microecological preparation mixtures on growth performance and vaccine immunity of yellow-feathered broilers.A total of 150 one-day-old yel⁃low-feathered broilers[(34.5±1.5)g]were divided into control group and experimental group,all of which were inoculated with avian influenza and Newcastle disease vaccine.The control group was fed a basal diet,and the experimental groups were fed the basal diet supplemented with 2×105 CFU/g Clostridium butyri⁃cum,0.4%oligosaccharides,107 CFU/g Saccharomyces cerevisiae or their mixtures,respectively.Growth performance index and avian influenza and Newcastle disease antibody titer were measured regularly.The results showed that:at the age of 84 days,the gastrointestinal index in the experimental groupⅢwas sig⁃nificantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,the groupⅡsig⁃nificantly increased the average daily gain(ADG)(P<0.05),significantly decreased the ratio of feed to gain(F/G)(P<0.05),while the groupⅢsignificantly decreased the ADG(P<0.05).For young yellow-feathered broilers aged over 42 days,compared with the con⁃trol group,groupsⅠandⅢsignificantly increased the ADG and decreased the F/G(P<0.05),and the groupⅣsignificantly reduced the daily feed in⁃take(ADFI)(P<0.05),while the groupⅡhad no significant effect.Compared with the control group,the peak value and retention time of avian influenza antibody were increased in groups I,Ⅱ,andⅢ,but the experimental groups had no significant effect on the antibody titer of Newcastle disease.The results suggested that adding an appropriate dose of Clostridium butyricum and oligosaccharide complex to the diet of young yellow broilers can improve the growth performance,but it is not suggested to add active yeast alone.Adding low doses of Clostridium butyr⁃icum or Saccharomyces cerevisiae singly or their complex to the diets of middle-aged broilers can improve the growth performance and immune response level of avian influenza vaccine and antibody retention time.