提升标准编制质量的精要问题探讨--以3个海绵标准为例

Discussion on Several Essential Problems of Improving the Quality of Standard Compilation--Case of Three Sponge Standards

文章以3个海绵标准为例,提出高质量标准编制要合规及精准,尤注意:(1)总则中适用范围的明确界定、术语一致性和中英文规范表述,基本规定部分,条款应反映后续章节中可能重复提及的、具共性的内容,以避免后续行文繁复;(2)细节的规范,如正文尽量不用括号,图表要用文字引出;(3)行文讲究逻辑;(4)文字精准表达。提升标准编制质量还须创建标准自身特色,使标准的阅读者和使用者记忆深刻,有助于标准在评比中取得佳绩。《雨水调蓄设施技术标准》最突出的特色是涵盖建设全流程,规划布局独立成章,凸显“以规划为引领”。《海绵城市设施施工和验收标准》和《海绵城市设施运行维护标准》有很高的实用价值:前者为“施工完成后、移交运行前”的特殊阶段提供了可供参照的技术标准;后者列出运行维护记录表式及常用工具、设备和材料,极大方便了管理者进行运营维护。

Taking three sponge standards as examples,the paper puts forward personal opinion of improving the quality of standards compilation,which was compliance and accuracy.On this aspect,the following points should be especially emphasized.First,in the part of general provisions,the scope of application should be clearly defined,the consistence of the terms should be kept,and the expression of these terms should be standard both in Chinese and English.In the part of basic regulations,the terms should reflect the necessary repetitions of meanings in contentsand commonalities in subsequent chapters.And thus the complicated and repeated expression could be avoided.Second,the standardization of details should be noted.For example,trying not to use parentheses in the text,introducing charts and tables with words.The third was keeping logical in the text.Fourth,words expression should be precise.Improving the quality of the standard compilation should also cultivate its features,which could give a deep impression to the readers and users.Moreover,this was advantageous for the standard to achieve good result in the evaluation.The prominent feature of Technical Standard for Stormwater Detention and Retention Facilities was to consider technical content covering the whole construction process.The description of the phase of planning and layout was arranged separately,highlighting the spirit of“Taking planning as the priority”.Technical Specification for Construction and Acceptance of Sponge City Facilities and Technical Standard for Operation and Maintenance of Sponge City Facilities had rich values in practices.Considered a special phase between construction and operation,the former provided a technical standard for reference for the operators.The latter listed operation and maintenance record tables,as well as the common tools,equipment and materials,which offered great convenience for the operators to maintain these facilities.