副词“总算”的语义演变及产生机制

The Semantic Evolution and FormationMechanism of the Adverb“Zongsuan”

主要探究副词“总算”在每个历时阶段的语义演变情况及对应的生成机制,并尝试分析“总算”表述语气的来源等具体情况。研究发现:(1)唐初至清初“,总”和“算”构成的短语由“总共计算”义演化出更抽象的“归结性质”义和“归结事件结果”义,典型格式分别是“总+算+数字”和“总算(是)NP/VP”“、总算VP”。演变动因是隐喻机制、主观化和重新分析。(2)清中后期至今“,总算”的主观化加深,言者存在被凸显,在语用推理作用下“,总算”的“归结义”进一步虚化,成为言者表述语气的手段。(3)副词“总算”表述的语气与评价对象在言者预期范围中所处的位置紧密相关“。总算”表述的语气是一个积极、消极情感交织的混合体,两种情感分别来自与预期上限和预期下限的对比。

meaning of“summa-rizing nature”from the early Tang to the early Qing dynasties.Common formulations include“zong+suan+number”,“Zongsuan(is)NP/VP”,and“Zongsuan VP”.The causes of evolution include metaphorical mechanisms,subjectivation,and reanalysis.(2)From the middle and late Qing dynasties to the present,the subjectivization of“Zongsuan”intensifies,the speaker’s presence is stressed,and the meaning of“summation”of“Zongsuan”is further deflated as a result of prag-matic inference.The adverb“Zongsuan”is used to express the speaker’s mood.(3)The position of the object of evalua-tion within the speaker’s anticipated range is directly tied to the mood of the adverb“Zongsuan”.When compared to the predicted higher and lower boundaries,respectively,the statement“Zongsuan”has a mood that is a mix of positive and negative feelings.