新时代大学生生育价值观现状及培育路径

Current Situation of College Students′Fertility Values in the New Era and Cultivation Path

人口问题是“国之大者”,大学生的生育价值观是国家未来人口走向的风向标和晴雨表。基于两次问卷调查的结果分析了新时代大学生生育价值观现状:在生育目标上,注重优生优育和性别平等,但整体生育意愿低;在生育手段上,倾向晚婚晚育,“孕”“生”“育”方式多样化;在生育评价上,呈现多元发展态势,但评价水平略显消极。生育成本飙升和生育效益降低、生育主流文化语境转换与非主流文化冲击、大学生主观的心理发展和客观的个体因素影响着生育价值观的形成。加强大学生生育价值观教育要强化思想引领、丰富内容形式、推进协同育人的保障机制,以促进新时代大学生树立科学的生育价值观。

The issue of population is"the biggest one of a country",and the fertility values of college students are the weather vane and barometer of the future population trend of a country.Based on the results of two questionnaire surveys,the current status of fertility values among college students in the new era was analyzed:in terms of fertility goals,emphasis was placed on eugenics and gender equality,but overall fertility willingness was low.In terms of fertility means,there is a tendency towards late marriage and late childbirth,with diversified methods of"pregnancy","childbirth",and"childbearing".In terms of fertility evaluation,there is a diversified development trend,but the evaluation level is slightly negative.The soaring cost of childbearing and the reduction of fertility benefits,the transformation of the context of mainstream fertility culture and the impact of non-mainstream culture shock,the subjective psychological development of college students and objective individual factors affect the formation of fertility values.Strengthening the education of fertility values among college students requires strengthening ideological guidance,enriching content and forms,and promoting the guarantee mechanism of collaborative education,in order to promote the establishment of scientific fertility values among college students in the new era.