高频地波雷达电小多频天线设计

Design of Electrically Small Multi⁃Frequency Antenna for High Frequency Surface Wave Radar

本文通过顶部加载多个平面阿基米德螺旋线圈得到具有多频功能的电小地波雷达天线。采用CST软件设计多个平面螺旋线圈的尺寸参数,所设计的天线具有3.7 MHz、6.5 MHz和8 MHz三个频点,天线总高度相对3.7 MHz的天线电长度仅为0.077λ,属于电小天线。采用Dixon优化算法实现多频点的阻抗匹配,在匹配元件数较少前提下保证各个频点带宽大于60 kHz,满足了设计要求。天线实测结果和CST仿真结果吻合,说明了本文方法在实现高频地波雷达天线小型化和多频化方面具有可行性和有效性。

In this paper,an electrically small surface wave radar antenna with multi⁃frequency function is obtained by loading multiple planar Archimedes spiral coils at the top.Using CST software to design the size parameters of multi⁃ple planar spiral coils,the designed antenna has three frequency points,3.7 MHz,6.5 MHz,and 8 MHz,and the total height of the antenna is only 0.077λrelative to the electrical length of the 3.7 MHz antenna,which is an electrically small antenna.The Dixon optimization algorithm is used to realize impedance matching of multiple frequency points,and the bandwidth of each frequency point is guaranteed to be greater than 60 kHz under the premise of fewer matching components,which meets the design requirements.The measured results of the antenna are in good agreement with the simulation results in CST,which shows that the method is feasible and effective in realizing the miniaturization and multi⁃frequency of the high frequency surface wave radar antenna.