摘要
经由刑事合规不起诉或者其他刑法从宽评价,本质上是基于政策性动因的立场,但在理论上仍然缺乏根据。这可能会导致违反罪刑法定原则、适用法律平等原则和公平原则,并且刑事合规的效果也无法得到明确保障,“纸面合规”的质疑无法解释。《刑法修正案(十一)》关于非法吸收公众存款罪“退赃退赔”后果的修改,与刑法中的逃税罪、骗取贷款罪等从宽甚或出罪相关规定一道,共同缔造了“法益恢复”的刑法处置模式。“法益恢复”模式关于集资犯罪治理的强力牵引效用,对于刑事领域中的“后悔”问题的合理解决,具有理论上的解释力。有鉴于此,在理论上应将“法益恢复”作为刑事合规不起诉或者其他刑法从宽评价的实质根据。
As other leniency evaluations,the corporate compliance non-prosecution is essentially a policy-driven standpoint.However,this system still lacks a theoretical basis.This may result in a violation of the principle of legality,equal application of the law and fairness;meanwhile,the effectiveness of criminal compliance cannot be clearly guaranteed,as well as the challenge of“compliance on paper”unable to be explained as a result.The amendment to the consequences of“refunding stolen goods and compensation”after committing the crime of illegal fundraising in the Amendment(XI)to the Criminal Law,along with the provisions related to leniency or decriminalization in the criminal law for tax evasion and loan fraud,jointly create the criminal disposal model of“restoration of legal interests”.This model has a strong guiding effect on the governance of fundraising crimes and provides a theoretical explanation for the rational solution to the issue of“regret”in the criminal field.Therefore,theoretically,“restoration of legal interests”should be used as the substantive basis for the exemption from prosecution based on criminal compliance or other criminal law leniency evaluation.
出处
《法治现代化研究》
CSSCI
2023年第3期52-64,共13页
Law and Modernization
关键词
刑事合规
纸面合规
法益恢复
集资犯罪
criminal compliance
compliance on paper
restoration of legal interests
fundraising crimes