北京市泉水监测网的优化设计研究

Optimization design of Beijing Spring Water Monitoring Network

泉水是重要的水资源,同时具有景观价值和文化价值。随着北京地区泉流量的衰减,泉水对生产与生活、生态与环境的支撑作用有所减弱。大泉名泉断流,景观价值、文化价值消减。为涵养保护泉水资源,恢复生态景观,满足生产生活所需,需要掌握泉水动态变化规律。泉水动态监测能够为泉水资源管理和保护提供及时准确的数据信息。北京现有的泉水监测点仅有10个,不能掌握全市泉水资源量动态变化规律,不能满足地下水管理精度的需求。根据最新泉水调查成果,以掌握泉水资源动态变化规律,维护生态景观,更好地为人民生产生活服务为目的,分析北京市泉水出露的地质条件、分布状况、流量特征、水质特征、开发利用现状等,研究北京市泉水监测网的优化设计。按照全面覆盖、重点突出、继承发展、方便管理的原则,结合泉水实际情况,选取了126个监测泉点,涉及不同的泉水类型,兼顾泉水管理、研究的监测目的,优化组建了新的北京市泉水监测网,形成分布合理、功能完善的北京市泉水监测体系。

Spring water is an important water resource with significant landscape and cultural values.With the decline of spring flow,the supporting role of spring water on production and life,ecology and environment is weakening in Beijing.Major and fa-mous springs have stopped flowing and their cultural and landscape values have decreased.To conserve and protect spring water resources,restore ecological landscapes,and meet the needs of production and life,it is necessary to understand the dynamic changes of spring water.Dynamic spring monitoring can provide timely and accurate data for spring resource management and protection.There are only 10 existing spring water monitoring points in Beijing,which cannot grasp the dynamic change pattern of spring water resources in the whole city,and meet the precision demand of groundwater management.Based on the latest spring survey results,this article aims to grasp the dynamic changes in spring resources,maintain ecological landscapes,and bet-ter serve people's production and life.It analyzes the geological conditions,distribution,flow,water quality,and development and utilization of spring water in Beijing,and presents the optimization design of the Beijing spring water monitoring network.Fol-lowing the principle of comprehensive coverage with special focus,inheritance and development,and convenient management,combined with the situation of spring water in Beijing,126 monitoring spring points were selected from different spring types to serve the dual purposes of management and research.A new Beijing spring monitoring network has been designed,optimized and established with reasonable distribution and multiple functions.