城市群数字经济发展与绿色全要素生产率:作用机理与普惠性质

Digital Economy Development and Green Total Factor Productivity in Urban Agglomerations:Mechanisms of Action and the Characteristic of Inclusiveness

对数字经济提升城市群绿色全要素生产率的效应与机制进行理论分析,采用熵值法和SBM模型测度2011—2019年我国19个城市群的数字经济发展水平和绿色全要素生产率,运用多种计量模型实证检验数字经济对城市群绿色全要素生产率的影响及其内在机制。研究发现,数字经济显著促进了城市群绿色全要素生产率的提升,该结论在统计上是稳健可靠的;市场化程度的提升是数字经济影响城市群绿色全要素生产率的重要传导机制,但产业结构尚未成为数字经济影响城市群绿色全要素生产率的渠道;数字经济的作用遵循梅特卡夫法则,即数字经济对绿色全要素生产率的影响呈现显著的正向且边际效应递增的非线性特征,随着数字经济发展水平和市场化程度的提高,数字经济对绿色全要素生产率的促进作用不断提升;数字经济对外围城市绿色全要素生产率的提升作用比中心城市更显著,说明数字经济对绿色发展的扩散效应大于虹吸效应,数字经济对绿色全要素生产率的促进作用具有明显的普惠性质。因此,应继续推进数字中国建设,构建全面覆盖的数字基础设施体系;持续优化地区市场环境,充分发挥数字经济的要素配置功能;在城市群内部实施差异化的数字经济发展战略,中心城市着力优化软环境,借力数字经济纠正产业间要素错配,推动传统产业数字化转型和产业间融合;外围城市把握中心城市产业转移的契机,借助数字化建设红利提升资源可获得性和区域协作能力,为绿色全要素生产率的提升创造良好环境。

The theoretical analysis of effect and mechanism of the digital economy on the green total factor productivity is discussed in this paper;the entropy value method and SBM model are used to measure the level of digital economy development and green total factor productivity of 19 urban agglomerations in China from 2011-2019;and various econometric models are applied to test the effect and mechanism of the digital economy on the green total factor productivity.It is found that:the development of the digital economy significantly contributes to the improvement of the green total factor productivity in urban agglomerations,and this conclusion is statistically robust and reliable;the improvement of marketization is an important transmission mechanism for the digital economy to influence green total factor productivity in urban agglomerations,but the industrial structure has not yet become a channel for the digital economy to influence green total factor productivity in urban agglomerations;the digital economy follows"Metcalfe's law",i.e.,the impact of digital economy development on green total factor productivity shows significant positive and non-linear characteristics of increasing marginal effects,and the promotion effect of digital economy on green total factor productivity increases as the development level of digital economy and the degree of marketization increase;and the effect of the digital economy on green total factor productivity in peripheral cities is greater than that in central cities,indicating that the"diffusion effect"of the digital economy on green development is greater than the"siphon effect",which is,the promotion effect of the digital economy on green total factor productivity has obvious universal benefits.Therefore,we should,first,continuously promote the construction of Digital China and build a comprehensive digital infrastructure system;second,we should continue to optimize the regional market environment so as to give full play to the factor allocation function of the digital economy;and third,we should implement the differentiated digital economy development strategy within city clusters,optimize the soft environment in the central cities,correct factor mismatches among industries by leveraging the digital economy,and promote the digital transformation of traditional industries and inter-industry integration.And for the peripheral cities,the opportunity of industrial transfer from the central cities should be seized and the digital construction dividend should be used to enhance resource accessibility and regional collaboration,thus creating a favorable environment for the enhancement of green total factors.