基于刚度等效与实体混合的三排圆柱滚子轴承力学模型与修形设计

Mechanical Model and Profiling Design of Three Row Cylindrical Roller Bearings Based on Mixing of Stiffness Equivalence and Solid

三排圆柱滚子轴承具有尺寸大,套圈变形大,滚子多,转速低等特点,需要综合考虑套圈变形以及复杂接触进行轴承接触力学特性分析与修形设计来提高轴承疲劳寿命。针对三排圆柱滚子轴承接触对数量多,计算量大等问题,考虑大型套圈变形提出了基于刚度等效与实体混合的三排圆柱滚子轴承力学模型,其中内、外圈采用有限元,与滚子接触采用非线性弹簧模型与实体有限元模型混合方式,并通过实例将等效模型与整体有限元模型、接触有限元子模型进行对比分析,结果表明:等效模型与整体有限元模型滚子法向接触载荷计算误差在7%以内,且计算效率大幅提升。基于等效模型开展滚子修形设计研究,主推滚子的最优修形方式为对数修形,最优对数修形量范围为0.09~0.13 mm,并且第1列主推滚子的修形量应大于第2列主推滚子。

The three row cylindrical roller bearings are characterized by large size,large deformation of rings,many rollers and low speed,the bearing contact mechanical characteristics analysis and profiling design should be carried out considering deformation of rings and complex contacts comprehensively to improve fatigue life of the bearings.Aimed at the problems of large number of contact pairs and large amount of calculation,a mechanical model of the bearings based on mixing of stiffness equivalence and solid is proposed considering deformation of large rings.The finite element method is used for inner and outer rings,and the nonlinear spring model and solid finite element model are mixed for contact with rollers.The proposed equivalent model is compared and analyzed with overall finite element model and contact finite element submodel,the results show that the calculation error of roller normal contact load between proposed model and overall finite element model is less than 7%,and the calculation efficiency is significantly improved.On this basis,the profiling design for rollers is researched based on equivalent model.The optimal profiling method for main thrust rollers is logarithmic profiling,the optimal logarithmic profiling amount is within the range of 0.09~0.13 mm,and the profiling amount of main thrust rollers in the first column should be greater than that of main thrust rollers in the second column.