塔什库尔干县土壤可培养细菌多样性及其胞外酶检测

Diversity Characteristics of Cultivable Bacteria and Screening of Enzyme-Producing Strains in Soil of Taxkorgan,Xinjiang

对新疆塔什库尔干县土壤中可培养细菌多样性进行分析,以期初步阐明该地区土壤可培养细菌群落结构。采用5种琼脂培养基分离纯化可培养细菌,依据其16S rRNA基因序列进行系统发育分析,并运用平板法对纯化菌株的胞外酶产生情况进行检测。序列分析结果表明,33株细菌分别属于放线菌门(96.97%)和厚壁菌门(3.03%)等2个大的系统发育类群,5个属14个种。其中节杆菌属(48.48%)和假节杆菌属(24.24%)为优势菌属。培养基优势度指数结果显示,高氏1号培养基的优势度指数最高,菌株分离效果最好。分离菌株产胞外酶结果显示,33株细菌中含有至少1种胞外酶活性的菌株共19株(57.58%)。总体上,塔什库尔干县土壤中可培养细菌多样性较单一,细菌产单一种类胞外酶活性比例较高,分离菌株可为塔什库尔干县微生物资源的开发和利用提供前期基础。

The bacterial diversity in the soil of Taxkorgan in Xinjiang was analyzed by the culture-dependent method,in order to clarify the compositional community structure of the culturable bacteria.The culturable bacteria were isolated and purified by five agar medium,the phylogenetic analysis was carried out according to their 16S rRNA gene sequence,and the production of extracellular enzymes of the purified strains was detected by plate method.Sequence analysis showed that 33 strains belonged to Actinomycetota(96.97%)and Bacillota(3.03%),encompassing 5 genera and 14 species.Arthrobacter(48.48%)and Pseudarthrobacter(24.24%)were the dominant genera.The results of medium dominant index showed that Gauze's No.1 medium had the highest dominant index and the best isolation effect.The results of extracellular enzyme production of isolated strains showed that there were 19 strains(57.58%)had at least one extracellular enzyme activities in 33 strains.In general,the diversity of cultivable bacteria in in the soil of Tashkagan was relatively simple,and the proportion of cultivable bacteria with single type of extracellular enzyme activity was high.The isolated strains could provide a preliminary basis for the development and utilization of microbial resources in Tashkagan County.