人工智能教育应用场景下的教师伦理价值研究

Research on teachers′ethical value of Artificial Intelligence in education

随着技术的发展,国内外借助人工智能支持教学和校园管理的做法日渐普遍,也相应地引发了诸多伦理讨论。以教师的伦理价值为切入点,提出思想实验方法可作为探究人工智能应用于教育的伦理困境的创新手段,选取了人工智能教育应用场景下典型的伦理价值冲突,对应开发了4个基于虚构场景的思想实验,通过问卷调查探究了教师的伦理价值取向,为可信赖的人工智能教育应用的发展提供了可参考的建议。结果表明,在角色期望方面,教师普遍希望人工智能作为教学辅助而并非直接代替他们完成教学任务;在价值排序方面,教师最担心人工智能教育应用会引发隐私方面的风险;在价值决策方面,教师倾向于强调自主以化解准确和透明的冲突、愿意让渡部分隐私换取教育福祉,以及在自主和公平内部的平衡点上存在分歧。

With the development of technology,the practice of using artificial intelligence to support teaching and management has become common at home and abroad,which has also triggered a lot of ethical issues.Taking the ethical value of teachers as the starting point,this paper proposes that thought experiment can be used as an innovative way to explore the ethical dilemma of applying artificial intelligence to education.Four thought experiments based on vignettes were developed,and teachers'ethical value orientation was explored through teacher questionnaires.The results show that teachers worry about privacy the most,generally hope that AI should be used as a tool for improving teaching instead of replacing human teacher.Also,teachers tend to stress human agency to resolve conflicts of accuracy and transparency,be willing to trade part of privacy for educational wellbeing and disagreement on the balance between autonomy and fairness are found in this research.