家长参与小学生家庭作业的现状及优化路径——基于天津市819位小学生家长的调查

The Current Situation and Optimization Path of Parents′Participation in Primary School Students′Homework Based on the Survey of 819 Primary School Students′Parents in Tianjin

为了解家长参与小学生家庭作业的情况,从提供支持、教师沟通、常规监督、作业辅导、作业反馈、培养自主性六个维度编制问卷,对天津市819位小学生家长进行调查。调查发现,小学生家长参与家庭作业直接参与多于间接参与,家长与教师沟通不够;亲子关系友好型的家庭和家长每天参与作业时间不超过60分钟的家庭,学生学业优良率较高;学业成绩优秀小学生的家长参与作业行为较多,学业成绩较低小学生的家长更认同校外培训的作用。未来要以作业设计为连接点,加强教师和家长的双向沟通;以支持型家长角色扮演为焦点,发展学生学习的内驱力;以计划制订和泛在学习为着力点,扭转不科学的培训观,促进家长参与小学生家庭作业效果的提升。

In order to understand the current situation of parents′participation in primary school students′homework,a questionnaire has been compiled from the six dimensions of providing support,communication with teachers,routine supervision,homework guidance,homework feedback and cultivating autonomy,and 819 parents of primary school students in Tianjin have been investigated.The survey finds that parents of primary school students participate in homework more directly than indirectly,and the communication between parents and teachers is insufficient;that in families with friendly parent-child relationship and families whose parents participate in homework for no more than 60 minutes a day,the rate of students′excellent academic performance is higher;and that parents of primary school students with excellent academic performance participate more in homework activities,while parents of primary school students with lower academic performance are more likely to identify with the role of extracurricular training classes.In the future,homework design should be taken as the connecting point to strengthen the two-way communication between teachers and parents;role-playing of supportive parents should be taken as the focus to develop children′s inner drive for learning;and plan-making and ubiquitous learning should be taken as acting point to reverse the unscientific training concept and promote improving parents′participation in primary school students′homework.