基于HPLC的罗布麻与白麻不同部位活性成分比较分析

Comparative Analysis of Active Components in Different Parts of Apocynum venetum L.and Apocynum pictum Schrenk Based on High Performance Liquid Chromatography

目的:比较罗布麻和混淆品白麻不同部位(叶、花、茎、根)指标成分的含量,对药材进行比较分析。方法:采用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)测定罗布麻和白麻不同部位中指标成分金丝桃苷、异槲皮苷、三叶豆苷、山柰酚-3-O-芸香糖苷、紫云英苷、芦丁、白麻苷、新绿原酸、绿原酸等14种黄酮和3种酚酸类成分含量。基于各组分进行聚类、主成分分析及正交偏最小二乘法-判别分析,并比较各组样品。结果:罗布麻和白麻不同部位样品主要活性成分为绿原酸、新绿原酸、隐绿原酸、金丝桃苷、异槲皮苷、三叶豆苷等。聚类和主成分分析显示,根中主要成分类似,叶、花中黄酮与酚酸含量均较高;罗布麻和白麻的差异成分主要表现在绿原酸、山柰酚-3-O-芸香糖苷、金丝桃苷、白麻苷、山柰酚、表儿茶素、隐绿原酸、紫云英苷、三叶豆苷、异槲皮苷。结论:罗布麻与白麻主要成分差异显著,研究结果可为评价罗布麻属药材成分差异和罗布麻传统用药提供参考。

Objective:To compare the contents of index components in different parts(leaves,flowers,stems,roots)of Apocynum venetum L.(AV)and Apocynum pictum Schrenk(AP),to conduct a comparative analysis of the medicinal materials.Methods:The contents of index components in different parts of AV and AP were analyzed based on high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC),including 14 flavonoids and 3 phenolic acids such as hyperoside,isoquercitrin,trifolin,kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside,astragalin,rutin,baimaside,neochlorogenic acid,and chlorogenic acid.Cluster analysis,principal component analysis(PCA)and orthogonal partial least-squares discrimination analysis(OPLS-DA)were performed for the components,and samples in each group were compared.Results:The main active components in different parts of AV and AP were chlorogenic acid,neochlorogenic acid,cryptochlorogenic acid,hyperoside,isoquercitrin,and trifolin.Cluster analysis and PCA indicated that the dominant components in roots were similar,and the contents of flavonoids and phenolic acids in leaves and flowers were high.The differential components between AV and AP were mainly chlorogenic acid,kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside,hyperoside,baimaside,kaempferol,epicatechin,cryptochlorogenic acid,astragalin,trifolin,and isoquercitrin.Conclusion:AV is significantly different from AP in terms of main components.This paper provides basic data for evaluating the differential components among medicinal materials of Apocynum and traditional medical application of AV.