枕头坝一级水电站河库健康评价

Assessment of health of river and reservoir in Zhentouba I Hydropower Station

河流(水库)健康评价对诊断其生态系统健康和保障其社会服务功能的发挥具有重要意义,其研究可为河流(水库)水环境、水生态修复管理提供依据。文章采用层次分析法,从水文完整性、化学完整性、形态结构完整性、生物完整性和社会服务功能可持续性五个方面开展枕头坝一级水电站河库健康评价。结果表明:电站河流、水库均处于非常健康状态,河流健康得分90.7分,水库健康得分88.2分,其中河岸带植被覆盖度和鱼类保有指数得分较低,分别为79.3分和76.0分。在未来的电站管理工作中,应重点加强河岸带植被保护与修复和鱼类资源保护,具体措施包括:建立合理的鱼类和其他水生生物监测预警机制,加强鱼类保护管理和宣传,建立外来鱼类预防和预警机制;与地方政府加强合作,提升库周生态环境质量,通过人工促进自然植被恢复、植树造林、地表土壤修复等多种措施保护和恢复河库岸带植被。

River(reservoir)health assessment is of great significance in diagnosing the health of its ecosystem and ensuring its social service function.The research can provide reference for the restoration and management of river(reservoir)water environment and water ecology.In this study,we based on the analytic hierarchy process method,the health evaluation of the Zhentouba I Hydropower Station was carried out from five aspects:hydrologic integrity,chemical integrity,morphological and structural integrity,biological integrity and social service function sustainability.The result show that the river(reservoir)are in a very healthy state.River health score is 90.7,reservoir health score is 88.2.The score of vegetation coverage of riparian zone and fish retention index were lower,79.3 and 76.0,respectively.In the future management of the hydropower station,the protection and restoration of riparian vegetation and the protection of fish should be strengthened.The specific measures include reasonable monitoring and early warning mechanisms for fish and other aquatic organisms should be established,strengthening fish conservation and publicity,establishing prevention and warning mechanisms for non-native fish;strengthening cooperation with local government to improve the quality of ecological environment in the reservoir,and protect and restore river(reservoir)zone vegetation through artificial promotion of natural vegetation restoration,afforestation and surface soil restoration.