满江红金属元素含量的种间差异及其富集特性研究

Study on Interspecies Differences and Enrichment Characteristics of Metal Elements in Azolla Lam.

为揭示满江红属(Azolla Lam.)植物资源材料对金属元素吸收积累特性差异,该研究采用ICP-MS的方法,对8种21个满江红品系的12种金属元素含量进行测定分析,比较不同种类满江红中金属元素含量的差异及富集特性,通过主成分分析确定满江红属品系的特征金属,并采用聚类法对供试材料进行分类。结果表明:(1)满江红属植物中金属元素含量变异系数大于30%的有8种,其中Mo含量在品系间差异最大(127.73%),Ca含量在品系间差异最小(18.94%)。(2)满江红属植物对土壤中不同金属元素的富集能力不同,富集系数大小依次为Mn>Mg>Mo>K>Cd>Ca>1。(3)不同种满江红对金属元素K、Mg、Mn、Zn、Mo的富集能力存在显著差异(P<0.05)。(4)满江红的特征金属元素为Cd、Hg、Ca、Mn、Cu、Zn、K和Cr。(5)基于特征金属元素含量的聚类结果显示,当遗传距离为15时,可将21份满江红资源分为3类,与传统分类基本吻合,其中品系‘3006’和‘MH3-1’对重金属Cd、Cr和Hg的富集能力较强,聚为一类。研究认为,满江红对金属元素的富集存在种间差异,且这种差异可以作为满江红品种分类的参考依据。

In order to reveal the differences in the absorption and accumulation characteristics of metal elements in Azolla Lam.,we determined and analyzed the contents of 12 metal elements in 21 strains from 8 species of Azolla.by ICP-MS.The differences and enrichment characteristics of metal elements in different species of Azolla.were compared.The characteristic metals of Azolla.were determined by principal component analysis,and the tested resources were classified by clustering method.The results showed that:(1)the variation coefficient of metal element contents in 8 species of Azolla was greater than 30%.The difference of Mo content between strains was the largest(127.73%),and the difference of Ca content between strains was the smallest(18.94%).(2)The enrichment ability of different kinds of Azolla to different metal elements in soil was different,and the enrichment coefficient was Mn>Mg>Mo>K>Cd>Ca>1.(3)There were significant differences in the enrichment ability of different Azolla to metal element K,Mg,Mn,Zn and Mo among different species(P<0.05).(4)The characteristic metal elements of Azolla are Cd,Hg,Ca,Mn,Cu,Zn,K and Cr.(5)The clustering results based on the contents of characteristic metal elements showed that when the genetic distance was 15,the 21 Azolla resources could be divided into 3 groups,which was basically consistent with the traditional classification.Among them,the strains‘3006’and‘MH3-1’had strong enrichment ability for heavy metals Cd,Cr and Hg,and were clustered into one category.The study suggests that there are interspecific differences in the enrichment of metal elements in Azolla,and this difference could be used as a reference for the classification of Azolla varieties.