安徽非物质文化遗产的时空分布特征及其影响因素

Spatial-temporal Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Intangible Cultural Heritage in Anhui Province

运用标准差椭圆、最近邻指数和核密度分析等空间分析方法表征安徽省国家级和省级非物质文化遗产项目的时空分异,并利用地理探测器分析其影响因素。结果表明:(1)安徽非遗在各历史阶段存在明显的空间动态变化,非遗中心轨迹为西北-东南-西北,整体向东南方向转移,这与安徽地区的社会历史发展脉络基本一致。(2)安徽非遗呈现出极核区与轴带集聚分布的空间格局特征,分布有黄山、合肥等两处核密度较高值极核区,以及长江沿岸、淮河-颍河沿岸等两个核密度中等值聚集带,低密度值区主要分布于长江和淮河之间的区域。(3)文化环境、河流水系、交通状况等社会因素和自然因素与安徽非遗项目的时空分异显著相关,其中文化环境是主导因子,而经济因素各因子与非遗分布相关性较弱。结果启示:通过结合历史与记忆研究,丰富和提升非遗的意义与价值;从区域整体性保护方面着手,统筹协调非遗的保护和开发工作;应重视非遗的经济价值,实现经济效益与文化效益相结合。

The spatial analysis methods such as standard deviation ellipse,nearest neighbor index and nuclear density analysis are used to quantitatively characterize the temporal and spatial pattern evolution of national and provincial intangible cultural heritage projects in Anhui Province,and the influencing factors are analyzed by Geodetector.The results show that:(1)there are obvious spatial dynamic changes in Anhui intangible cultural heritage in each historical period.The central track of intangible cultural heritage is northwest southeast northwest,which shifts to the southeast as a whole,which is basically consistent with the social and historical development context of Anhui.(2)Anhui intangible cultural heritage shows the spatial pattern characteristics of polar core area and axial zone agglomeration distribution.There are two polar core areas with high nuclear density,such as Huangshan and Hefei,and two medium equivalent nuclear density accumulation zones along the Yangtze River and Huaihe Yinghe river.The low-density areas are mainly distributed between the Yangtze River and Huaihe River.(3)Social and natural factors such as cultural environment,river system and traffic conditions are significantly related to the temporal and spatial differentiation of Anhui intangible cultural heritage projects.Among them,cultural environment is the leading factor,while economic factors have weak correlation with the distribution of intangible cultural heritage.The results and Enlightenment:enrich and enhance the significance and value of intangible cultural heritage through the combination of history and memory research;To coordinate the protection and development of intangible cultural heritage from the perspective of regional overall protection;We should pay attention to the economic value of intangible cultural heritage and realize the combination of economic benefits and cultural benefits.