南昌市某工业区表层土壤中多环芳烃污染特征及来源解析

Pollution Characteristics and Source Analysis of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Topsoil of an Industrial Zone in Nanchang City

为探究南昌市某工业区表层土壤中多环芳烃污染特征及来源解析,分析了该工业区内企业周边表层土壤中PAHs的含量水平、组成特征及空间分布特征,应用效应区间低值(ERL)和效应区间中值(ERM)法及苯并(a)芘毒性当量法对土壤质量进行生态风险评价,采用异构体比值法和主成分分析法分析其来源。结果表明:南昌某工业区表层土壤中15种PAHs均值为155μg/kg,与国内相关研究比处于较低水平。PAHs组成以菲、荧蒽、芘、䓛、苯并[b]荧蒽为主。该工业区的表层土壤中PAHs的潜在生态风险较低,7种致癌多环芳烃的毒性当量值占多环芳烃总量的98%以上,是PAHs毒性风险的主要来源,作为致癌性最强单体的苯并(a)芘对毒性当量的贡献值为53.2%,但苯并(a)芘浓度未超过《土壤环境质量建设用地土壤污染风险管控标准(试行)》(GB36600-2018)中第一类用地的筛选值。来源分析表明,PAHs主要来源于煤、石油及生物质的燃烧,其中化石燃料占72.9%,生物质燃料燃烧占18.7%。整体来看,该工业区土壤生态状况较好,建议相关部门进行跟踪监测以关注变化趋势。本研究成果可为工业区土壤的污染防治与管控提供技术支持,也可为工业区土壤的科学利用和可持续管理提供政策参考。

In order to investigate the pollution characteristics and source analysis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the topsoil of an industrial zone in Nanchang,the content level,composition characteristics and spatial distribution characteristics of PAHs in the topsoil around enterprises in the industrial area were analyzed.The ecological risk of soil quality was evaluated by using the low value of effect interval(ERL),the median value of effect interval(ERM)and the toxic equivalent quantity of benzo(a)pyrene.The source of PAHs was analyzed by using the isomer ratio method and principal component analysis method.The results showed that the average value of 15 PAHs in topsoil of an industrial area in Nanchang was 155μg/kg,which is at a low level compared with relevant domestic studies.PAHs are mainly composed of Phenanthrene,Fluoranthene,Pyrene,Phenanthrene and Benzo[b]fluoranthene The potential ecological risk of PAHs in the topsoil of the industrial zone was low.The toxic equivalent value of seven carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons accounted for more than 98%of the total polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons,which was the main source of toxic risk of PAHs.The contribution value of toxic equivalent quantity of benzo(a)pyrene as the most carcinogenic monomer was 53.2%,but the concentration of benzo(a)pyrene did not exceed the screening value of class I land in the Soil environmental quality Risk control standard for soil contamination of development land(Trial)(GB36600-2018).Source analysis showed that PAHs mainly come from the combustion of coal,oil and biomass,of which fossil fuels account for 72.9%and biomass fuels account for 18.7%.Generally speaking,the soil ecological condition in the industrial area was good,so it was suggested that relevant departments should track and monitor to pay attention to the change trend.The research results could provide technical support for the prevention and control of soil pollution in industrial areas,and also provide policy reference for the scientific utilization and sustainable management of soil in industrial areas.