跨省流域生态补偿法律制度探究--以赤水河流域治理为例

Research on the Legal System of Ecological Compensation in Cross-provincial Watershed---Taking the Chishui River Basin Management as an Example

我国跨省流域生态补偿制度正处在起步阶段,赤水河流域作为全国首个跨多省流域生态补偿制度试点,为全国各地省际流域生态补偿制度的落点和实践积累了重要经验。然而,我国跨省流域生态补偿制度仍存在法律制度缺位、法律原则不统一、法律责任模糊和监督机制缺乏执行力等问题,通过实证研究法和文献研究法,明确流域生态补偿制度的立法依据、健全相关法律法规,从生态、经济、社会三方面确立领域内原则,明晰法律责任主体和补偿标准,完善监督机制,为跨省流域生态补偿制度提供参考,以期发挥跨省流域生态补偿制度的最大效用。

China's cross-provincial basin ecological compensation system is in the initial stage.As the first pilot of the cross-provincial basin ecological compensation system in China,Chishui River Basin has accumulated important experience for the establishment and practice of the cross-provincial basin ecological compensation system across the country.However,Chinas cross-provincial basin ecological compensation system still has problems such as the absence of legal system,the inconsistency of legal principles,the ambiguity of legal responsibilities and the lack of enforcement of the supervision mechanism.Through empirical research and literature research,the legislative basis of the basin ecological compensation system is clarified,relevant laws and regulations are improved,principles in the field are established from the ecological,economic and social aspects,the subject of legal responsibilities and compensation standards are clarified,and the supervision mechanism is improved,which providereference for the cross-provincial basin ecological compensation system,expecting to give full play to the best effectiveness of the cross-provincial basin ecological compensation system.