基于文本量化分析的我国公共数据治理政策发展研究

Development of China's Public Data Governance Policy Based on Quantitative Textual Analysis

公共数据是指国家机关、事业单位、经依法授权具有公共事务管理与公共服务职能的组织在履行职责过程中收集和产生的各类数据,对其进行收集、处理、共享和开放等多途径治理是发挥数据要素作用的重要保障。本文通过分析我国公共数据治理政策发展变化的特点、内在规律和基本趋势等为公共数据治理政策的完善和创新提供参考依据。在全面搜集我国公共数据治理政策文本基础上,运用统计分析和文本挖掘等方法对政策文本形式与内容特征进行抽取和分析,重点对数据治理政策的高频词组与主题内容变化、关键线索词分布等进行了分析。研究结果发现,数据治理政策客体对象在发展演变中不断变化,其覆盖的主题内容范围明显扩大;在数据治理政策中开始关注有关主体的权利或权益保护;数据治理政策更加关注数据开发利用和数据对经济社会发展的作用。

Public data are data collected and generated by public institutions in the process of performing their duties.Multichannel governance of public data,including how it is collected,processed,shared,and opened,is an important guarantee for harnessing the power of such data.Analyzing the characteristics,internal laws,and basic trends of development and change in data governance policies in China can provide insight for the improvement and innovation of these policies.Based on a comprehensive examination of Chinese data governance policy texts,this paper uses statistical analysis and text mining to extract and identify the characteristics of these texts.It focuses on high-frequency phrases,changes in policy contents,and keyword distributions of 258 data governance policies.The objective of data governance policies constantly change as the scope of its coverage expand.Furthermore,data governance policies are beginning to pay more attention to the rights of relevant subjects,data development and utilization,and the role of data in economic and social development.