核酸荧光探针检测在临床疾病分子诊断中的应用

Application of nucleic acid fluorescence probe detection in molecular diagnosis of clinical diseases

核酸荧光探针检测正逐渐成为临床疾病分子诊断的重要手段。这项技术主要应用具有高度特异性的荧光探针靶向疾病相关核酸序列,从而实现对目标核酸的高灵敏度、高特异性检测。核酸荧光探针检测在临床中的应用十分广泛,包括感染性疾病、遗传性疾病和肿瘤的诊断。而随着纳米技术的不断发展,具有更高检验效能的核酸荧光探针检测体系也不断产生。其中基于荧光淬灭纳米材料构建的均相核酸检测体系由于其较高的检测能力和简单的体系,将有助于进一步推动疾病分子诊断的发展。该文主要述评了核酸荧光探针检测在多种疾病诊断中的临床应用,并讨论了利用荧光淬灭纳米材料构建的均相核酸检测新体系的原理和应用价值。

Nucleic acid fluorescence probe detection is becoming an important way of molecular diagnosis of clinical diseases.This technology mainly uses highly specific fluorescent probes to target disease-related nucleic acid sequences,so as to achieve high sensitivity and high specificity detection of target nucleic acids.Nucleic acid fluorescence probe detection is widely used in clinical diagnosis,including infectious diseases,genetic diseases and tumors.With the continuous development of nanotechnology,fluorescence probe detection systems with higher testing efficiency of nucleic acid have been produced.Among them,the homogeneous nucleic acid detection system based on fluorescence quenched nanomaterials will contribute to further promote the development of disease molecular diagnosis due to its high detection capability and simple system.In this paper,the clinical application of nucleic acid fluorescence probe detection in the diagnosis of a variety of diseases is reviewed,and the principle and application value of a new homogeneous nucleic acid detection system based on fluorescence quenched nanomaterials are discussed.