基于MDP-ADMM的数据中心储能系统优化运行方法

Optimal operation method of energy storage system in a data center based on MDP-ADMM algorithm

为了缓解数据中心综合运行成本高、电网侧负荷峰谷差大的问题,提出一种基于马尔可夫决策过程与交替方向乘子法结合的数据中心储能系统优化运行方法。首先,分析了数据中心的基本结构,并对数据中心主要设备的功耗特性以及数据中心负荷在时间维度上灵活转移的特性进行分析;其次,考虑数据中心供电可靠性、储能系统充放电功率限制、充放电损耗成本等因素,建立以综合运行成本最小和削峰填谷效果最佳为目标的储能系统优化运行模型;然后,针对模型具有多时段耦合的特点,采用马尔可夫决策过程对其解耦重构,利用交替方向乘子法对重构后的问题进行迭代求解;最后,在MATLAB仿真环境下,对某大型数据中心进行仿真分析,仿真结果验证了所提优化运行方法的有效性与合理性。

This study proposed an optimal operation method for energy storage systems in the data center,based on the Markov decision process,and an alternating direction multiplier method to alleviate the problems of the high comprehensive operating cost of the data center and large load fluctuations on the grid side.First,the basic structure,the power consumption characteristics of the primary devices,and the load time-shifting characteristics of the data center are analyzed.Second,considering the power supply reliability of the data center,the charge and discharge power limit,and the loss cost of the energy storage system,an optimal operation model is established to minimize the peak-to-valley load difference and comprehensive operating cost.Then,given the multi-time coupling characteristic,the Markov decision process is used to reconstruct the model,and the alternating direction multiplier method is used to solve the reconstructed problem.Finally,the simulation analysis of a large-scale data center is conducted in MATLAB,and the obtained results verify the rationality and effectiveness of the proposed optimal operation method.