从选本视野论周必大的古文地位

Study on Zhou Bida' s Literary Status of Ancient Prose from the Perspective of Selected Works

南宋名臣周必大以政绩名世,却凭文章“起家”,是南宋古文家的重要代表。本文先从收集的由宋至清的213种散文选本出发,统计得知,有13种选本选录了周必大的文章,多为四六体制的应用文。对于周文的入选原因,首先考虑周必大作为馆阁翰苑之臣,所作的应用文丰赡典雅,其在文献学方面的深厚积淀也影响了选家的选择;第二,周文紧随韩欧,主张文道并重,同时上承唐宋八大家重实践求实用的“践履”精神;第三,周必大一生贤直正义,被赐谥号“文忠”,世人悦服。周文的落选,则因为其四六文浮华靡弱,同时在王言规范下,创作稍显性情不足。

Zhou Bida,a famous minister of the Southern Song Dynasty,was an important representative of the ancient writers of the Southern Song Dynasty.This paper starts from 213 prose anthology collected from the Song Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty.According to statistics,there are 13 anthology compilations of Zhou Bida's articles,most of which are practical writings in tetrahexaural system.The reasons for the selection of Zhou Bida,first of all,Zhou Bida,as a minister of the pavilion,made a full of practical writing,and his profound academic background in literature also influenced the selection of the editor.Secondly,following Han Yu and Ouyang Xiu,Zhou Bida advocated equal emphasis on content and rhetoric,and at the same time he inherited the practical spirit of the Eight Tang-Song prose Masters,who emphasized spirit of practicality.Thirdly,Zhou Bida is a man of integrity,and he was awarded the posthumous name"Wenzhong".The reason why Zhou's works is often undervalued is that parallel prose is too gentle.And with the constraints of official standards,his article is devoid of emotion.