2019年和2020-2021年社区老年人心血管病的危险因素控制情况比较

Comparison of the control of risk factors of cardiovascular diseases in the elderly people in the community during 2019 and 2020-2021

目的:了解社区老年人2019年和2020-2021年心血管疾病(CVD)危险因素控制状况。方法:选择2019-2021年参加社区老年人年度体检者作为研究对象,分为2019年体检者组和2020-2021年体检者组,两组的人数分别为9125人和9668人,平均年龄(71.0±6.40)岁。比较两组血压、血脂、血糖、体重指数等CVD危险因素控制情况及心肌缺血情况。结果:2020-2021年组男性的收缩压、空腹血糖、总胆固醇、体重指数的升高率高于2019年组,女性的收缩压、舒张压、空腹血糖、总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、体重指数升高率高于2019年组,男、女性高密度脂蛋白胆固醇的降低率均低2019年组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。2020-2021年组男性、女性的ST-T段水平压低、T波低平或倒置、ST-T改变等心电图异常的发生率均高于2019组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.01)。结论:2020-2021年社区老年人的CVD危险因素的控制率呈现下降趋势,应加强社区老年人CVD的预防工作。

Objective:To understand the status of the control of cardiovascular disease(CVD)risk factors among the elderly people in the community during 2019 and 2020-2021.Methods:Participants from 2019 to 2021 who participated in the annual check-up for the elderly people in the community were selected as research objects,and divided into a 2019 physical examination group and a 2020-2021 physical examination group,the number of people in the two groups was 9125 and 9668,respectively,and the average age was(71.0±6.40)years.Blood pressure,blood lipids,blood glucose,body mass index(BMI)and control of risk factors,and myocardial ischemia were compared.Results:The increase rates of systolic blood pressure,fasting blood glucose,total cholesterol and BMI in the men in the 2020 to 2021 group were higher than those in the 2019 group,the increase rates of systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure,fasting blood glucose,total cholesterol,low-density lipoprotein and BMI in the women were higher than those in the 2019 Group,and the rate of high-density lipoprotein reduction in both sexes was lower than that in the 2019 group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The incidence of electrocardiographic abnormalities such as ST-T segment level depression,T-wave depression or inversion,and ST-T changes in the 2020 to 2021 group was higher than that in the 2019 group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.01).Conclusion:The control rate of CVD risk factors among the elderly people in the 2020 to 2021 shows a downward trend,and the prevention of CVD among the elderly people in the community should be strengthened.