天津市三级公立医院门诊卫生间配置情况分析及管理对策研究

Analysis on the Allocation of Outpatient Toilets in Tertiary Public Hospitals in Tianjin and Research on Management Countermeasures

目的调查天津市三级公立医院门诊卫生间各类设施配置情况,明确现存问题,为提高门诊卫生间管理水平提供针对性建议,提升患者就医体验。方法2022年3月本研究从规划设计、设备设施、功能布局、如厕环境、组织管理等维度出发,构建包含20个指标的门诊卫生间配置调查问卷;2022年6月,利用自制问卷对天津市45家三级公立医院门诊办公室负责人开展问卷调查;结合SWOT分析法归纳门诊卫生间管理面临的优势、劣势、机遇及挑战,应用因子分析法提取公因子,综合评价门诊卫生间配置现状。结果天津市三级公立医院门诊卫生间在保洁人员管理、外观协调程度、照明设施、导向标识配置情况较好,在人性化、厕所文明建设方面有所欠缺;因子分析结果显示,基础设施配置如无障碍卫生间配置、男女厕位比例、照明及通风设施配置情况对门诊卫生间配置水平影响较大。结论应大力提升无障碍卫生间配置水平;立足患者使用体验,配置人性化设施;合理配置蹲便/坐便配置比例,适当增加女性厕位数量,适当增加通风设备或空气清新设备,减少厕所气味。

Objective To investigate the configuration of all kinds of facilities in outpatient toilets in tertiary public hospitals in Tianjin,and to clarify the existing problems,so as to provide targeted suggestions for improving the management level of outpatient toilets and enhance the patient's medical experience.Methods From the dimensions of planning and design,equipment and facilities,functional layout,toilet environment,organization and management,a questionnaire containing 20 indicators for outpatient toilet configuration is constructed.In June 2022,a self-made questionnaire was used to investigate the heads of outpatient offices of 45 tertiary public hospitals in Tianjin.Using factor analysis to extract common factors,comprehensively evaluate the present situation of outpatient toilet configuration,and combine SWOT analysis to summarize the strengths,weaknesses,opportunities and threats faced by outpatient toilet management.Results At present,the management of cleaning staff,the degree of appearance coordination,lighting facilities and guiding signs in the outpatient toilets of tertiary public hospitals in Tianjin are good,but there is a lack of humanization and civilized toilet settings.The results of factor analysis show that infrastructure configuration,such as barrier-free toilet configuration,the ratio of toilet seats between men and women,and the configuration of lighting and ventilation facilities have great influence on the level of outpatient toilet configuration.Conclusion It should strengthen the use of"humanized"service to improve the temperature of toilets,improve the toilet infrastructure accurately through scientific design,strengthen the construction of toilet culture,and improve the management system of outpatient toilets to improve the management level of toilets.