经典名方参苓白术散的古今文献考证及研究热点分析

Textual research on ancient and modern literature and analysis on research hot spots of classical prescription Shenling baizhu powder

目的为参苓白术散的临床应用和进一步研究开发提供借鉴。方法利用文献考证和计量学方法对古代和近代医籍中参苓白术散的组成、剂量、炮制、用法等关键信息进行系统的归纳整理,并对现代文献的发文量、关键词等内容进行可视化分析。结果与结论参苓白术散最早收载于《太平惠民和剂局方》(以下简称“局方”),历代核心药物组成、应用最多的剂量比例均与局方相同;基本以制末、调服为主;用量集中于2~3钱;功能主治和应用范围较局方有一定拓展,临床应用也从内科逐渐延伸到外科、妇科、儿科、眼科、皮肤科等,总体上覆盖了脾虚所致病症的各个方面;组方原理围绕“健脾、益气、除湿”;组方药物建议都选用药典中的相应饮片品种。现代研究主要围绕临床展开,以中医或中西医结合该方加减治疗各类肠病、腹泻病、肺病为主,研究重点是疗效、应用,且已开始探讨其作用机制。该方在文献中的用法与药典收录有不一致之处,有待进一步研究。

OBJECTIVE To provide reference for the clinical application and further research and development of Shenling baizhu powder.METHODS Using the methods of textual research and bibliometrics,the key information such as the composition,dose,processing and usage of Shenling baizhu powder in ancient and modern literature were systematically summarized and sorted out,and the number of publications,keywords,and other contents of modern literature were visually analyzed.RESULTS&CONCLUSIONS Shenling baizhu powder was first collected in Taiping Huimin Hejiju Fang(abbreviated“Jufang”),the composition of core drugs and most widely used dose ratio in previous generations were the same as those in Jufang,basically focusing on powder making and being taken after mixed with liquid;the dosage was concentrated on 2-3 qian;the function and application of it had been expanded to a certain extent compared with Jufang;its clinical application had gradually extended from internal medicine to surgery,gynecology,pediatrics,ophthalmology,dermatology,etc.,covering all aspects of the disease caused by spleen deficiency in general;the composition mechanism revolved around“strengthening the spleen,replenishing qi and removing dampness”;the recommended prescription drugs were all selected from the corresponding varieties in the pharmacopoeia.Modern research mainly focuses on clinical practice,with traditional Chinese medicine or traditional Chinese and Western medicine combined with this formula as the main modified treatment for various intestinal diseases,diarrhea diseases,and lung diseases.The efficacy and application are the frontier hot spots today,and the mechanism of action has begun to be explored.The usage in the literature and the inclusion in the pharmacopoeia are inconsistent,and further research is needed.