性别规训、生育与性别收入差距

Fertility,Gender Discipline and Gender Income Differences

传统的性别角色观念强调女性对家庭的付出,束缚了现代女性在劳动力市场上的表现,更加重了生育行为带来的母职工资惩罚。基于2017年中国综合社会调查数据,探究性别规训、生育与性别收入差距之间的关系。结果显示:性别规训程度与个体收入呈显著负相关关系,并且该负面影响主要体现在女性群体中;生育行为对性别规训的收入代价具有调节效应,随着育儿的性别呈现差异。因此,文化根源上的性别规训是性别收入差距的重要影响因素,应通过淡化社会性别角色观念、调整生育假期等方式,降低性别规训的收入代价。

The traditional concept of gender role emphasizes women s contribution to the family,constrains the performance of modern women in the labor market,and aggravates the punishment brought by the maternity behavior.Based on the data of the 2017 China General Social Survey,this paper explores the relationship between gender discipline,fertility and gender income gap.The results show that the degree of gender discipline has a significant negative correlation with individual income,and the negative impact is mainly reflected in the female group;Reproductive behavior has a moderating effect on the income cost of gender discipline,and there is a difference with the gender of child-rearing.Therefore,gender discipline based on culture is an important factor affecting the gender income gap,and the income cost of gender discipline should be reduced by diluting the concept of social gender role and adjusting the maternity leave.