国际投资仲裁中的经济制裁问题研究

Economic Sanctions in International Investment Arbitration

东道国对于特定国家、地区、行业、实体或者个人等制裁对象所实施的经济制裁措施,可能损害外国投资者在东道国的投资权益,从而引发国际投资争端。如果外国投资者利用投资者与国家间争端解决(Investor-State Dispute Settlement, ISDS)机制诉诸国际仲裁,东道国经济制裁措施的合法性和适当性将可能在ISDS机制下接受国际法层面的审视和考验。基于这一前瞻性考量,中国有必要以相关ISDS实践以及经济制裁实务为基础,预判在涉及经济制裁的投资争端仲裁程序中,外国投资者与东道国对管辖权、经济制裁的合法性、经济制裁与投资待遇的关系及仲裁裁决的承认与执行等问题上所可能提出的主张和抗辩,以及中国作为东道国和海外投资者所分别面临的潜在风险,同时准备相应的立法或者实践方略。

Economic sanctions imposed by the host state against specific countries,regions,industries,entities or individuals may undermine the investment rights of foreign investors in the host state and give rise to international investment disputes.If a foreign investor initiates the international arbitration through the Investor-State Dispute Settlement(ISDS)mechanism,the legality and appropriateness of the host country's economic sanctions may be examined and tested at the international law level under the ISDS mechanism.Based on the prospective considerations,China should anticipate the claims and defences that may be raised by foreign investors and host countries on issues such as jurisdiction,legality of economic sanctions,relationship between economic sanctions and investment treatment,and recognition and enforcement of arbitral awards in investment dispute arbitration involving economic sanctions,and the potential risks faced by China as the host country and Chinese overseas investors respectively,as well as prepare the corresponding legislative or practical strategies.