全基因组关联分析在小麦育种研究中的应用

Application of genome-wide association studies in wheat breeding

全基因组关联分析(GWAS)是高效检测不同物种复杂性状的遗传变异,寻找与之相关联标记或基因的一种分析方法,在小麦(Triticum aestivum)育种中应用广泛。本文阐述了关联分析群体选择、基因型分型、高通量表型鉴定和GWAS统计模型四个方面,查阅近10年来小麦GWAS相关研究的中英文文献,从农艺性状、品质性状、生物和非生物胁迫等研究方面进行归纳叙述。讨论并展望GWAS存在的问题以及未来在小麦育种领域的应用前景,以期为进一步利用GWAS进行小麦遗传改良研究提供依据。

Genome-wide association studies(GWAS)is an analytical method widely used in wheat(Triticum aestivum)breeding for detecting genome-wide genetic variation in complex traits across species and finding associated markers or genes.The paper describes population selection for association analysis,genotyping,high-throughput phenotyping,and statistical models,as well as a review of Chinese and English references on GWAS-related studies in wheat conducted over the last decade years to summarize and describe the studies in terms of agronomic,quality,and biotic and abiotic stress-related traits.Here,existing GWAS problems and potential applications in wheat breeding were discussed and prospected in order to provide a foundation and reference for future research on wheat genetic improvement using GWAS.