国家高新区创新脆弱性评价及障碍诊断

Evaluation and Obstacle Diagnosis of Innovation Vulnerability of National High-tech Zones

为厘清引致国家高新区创新脆弱性的障碍,基于PSR框架设计出“压力-状态-响应”创新脆弱性评价指标体系,实证分析我国147个国家高新区的创新脆弱性及空间分布特征,从系统协调性和障碍改善度两个方面揭示创新脆弱性表现维度与影响因素。结果表明:我国高新区创新脆弱性等级整体呈现“橄榄型”分布,且由沿海向内陆逐级增强,不同类型园区脆弱性存在显著差异;多数园区内部协调性较高,细分维度的协调性与园区发展阶段紧密相关;响应系统障碍偏高,绿色发展是高新区普遍面临的压力。最后,从等级分布、系统协调性、响应障碍等方面提出改善创新脆弱性的建议。

the PSR correlation model of its driving mechanism.At the empirical level,147 high-tech zones in China are taken as the research objects.A comprehensive evaluation index system is established,vulnerability is measured at macro and micro levels,and the differentiated segmentation and spatial presentation of results are realized through the Jenks method and ArcGIS.Then the coordination and functional effectiveness of each link of the innovation system of the high-tech zone are analyzed,and the obstacle links and key vulnerability factors of the innovation system are excavated through the obstacle degree model.Through the theoretical and empirical analyses,the following conclusions are drawn.First,on the whole,China has successfully created a number of innovation highlands with low innovation vulnerability,but the“Matthew effect”is prominent,and the innovation vulnerability of high-tech zones located at the poles is quite different.Second,from the perspective of each subsystem,the strength of the subsystem is significantly different,and it shows the increasing vulnerability of the innovation system from the coastal to the inland.Third,from the perspective of system coordination,the overall coordination of high-tech zones is good,but some of the high-tech zones established earlier have serious industrial isomorphism,and the location dilemma of inland regions where the innovation system is not coordinated is obvious.Fourth,from the perspective of obstacles,response barriers have become key obstacles,and poor performance in the state of innovation is also an important constraint.According to the above conclusions,in order to achieve high-quality innovation and development,high-tech zones should actively implement the promotion method to narrow the regional difference,make full use of the opportunities brought by knowledge spillover while building an innovation highland with international influence,and help late-developing parks achieve low-vulnerability innovation.It is essential to adhere to the dual track of strong connection and make up for shortcomings to improve system coordination,optimize the pressure resistance capacity and state performance of the innovation system of the national high-tech zone,and promote the construction and improvement of talent training,enterprise cultivation,brand building,urban informatization and income structure rationalization.To improve fault tolerance and adaptability and enhance system flexibility to resolve response obstacles,the national high-tech zone should actively explore the trend of innovation and development,and take the passive response of high-end,green and intensive industries as the main direction of active response.