抗体药物偶联物的作用机制及在膀胱癌中的研究现状

Research progress in the mechanism of antibody-drug conjugate and its application in the treatment of bladder cancer

膀胱癌(BC)是泌尿系最常见的恶性肿瘤之一,手术联合放化疗是主要治疗方式,然而BC具有明显的异质性,疗效往往不尽如人意。抗体药物偶联物(ADC)作为一种新型靶向药物,通过化学接头与高度细胞毒性的小分子偶联,在发挥抗肿瘤作用的同时能避免对正常细胞产生影响,在肿瘤的治疗中卓有优势。迄今为止国内外已有多个ADC被用于BC的治疗,ADC在治疗领域中,占有越来越重要的地位。本文简要阐述ADC的作用机制,介绍现阶段ADC在BC治疗中的应用并探讨其所面临的问题和挑战,为临床工作提供参考。

Bladder cancer(BC)is one of the most common malignancies of the urinary tract.Surgery combined with chemoradiotherapy is the mainstay of treatment,but BC is markedly heterogeneous,leading to unsatisfactory outcomes.Antibody-drug conjugate(ADC),a new type of targeted drug,has achieved remarkable results in the treatment of tumors by coupling a chemical junction with a highly cytotoxic small molecule,which can exert anti-tumor effects while avoiding the impacts on normal cells.To date,several ADCs have been used in the treatment of BC at home and abroad,and play an increasingly important role in the field of BC therapy.This article briefly introduces the mechanism of ADC,the current application of ADC in BC treatment,and the problems and challenges faced,hoping to provide reference for clinical work.