“五清”行动实施中的困境与突围 --基于四川省乐山市X镇的田野调查

The Dilemma and Breakthrough in the Implementation of the"Five Clean-ups"Action--A Field Survey in X Town,Leshan City,Sichuan Province

乡村振兴战略背景下,农村发展涵盖经济繁荣、环境宜人、生态宜居等多维角度,作为美丽中国建设前提与重点环节的美丽乡村建设以农村人居环境治理为基础。本文基于对X镇“五清”行动实施状况的田野调查发现,“五清”行动是西南地区积极响应乡村振兴战略、综合治理乡镇人居环境、建设美丽乡村的创新性政策,目前业已取得乡镇卫生改善,人居环境提升;文明乡风塑造,环保意识增强;场镇品质提升,乡村振兴有序推进等显著成效。但“五清”行动仍在顶层设计、经济投入、村民素养与政策执行等方面存在困境,为此需要发展绿色产业,丰富资金来源;提升环保意识,实现村民自治;加强顶层设计,优化监督机制;创新科学管理,提供长效保障以推动“五清”行动实施常态化、成果可持续化,促使“五清”行动成为建设美丽乡村、接续乡村振兴的前置性、过渡性政策。

In the context of rural revitalization strategy,rural development covers multi-dimensional perspectives,such as economic prosperity,environmental friendliness and ecological livability,and the construction of beautiful countryside,which is the prerequisite and key link of the construction of beautiful China based on the management of rural habitat environment.Based on a field survey on the implementation of the"Five Clean-ups"in X township,this paper finds that the"Five Clean-ups"is an innovative policy to actively respond to the rural revitalization strategy,comprehensively manage the human living environment of townships and build beautiful villages in southwest China.At present,it has achieved remarkable results such as improvement of township hygiene,improvement of living environment,shaping of civilized countryside,enhancement of environmental protection awareness,improvement of field township quality,and orderly promotion of rural revitalization.However,there are still difficulties in the top-level design,economic investment,villagers'literacy and policy implementation of the"Five Clean-ups"action,so it is necessary to develop green industries and enrich funding sources,enhance environmental awareness and realize villagers'autonomy,strengthen the top-level design and optimize the supervision mechanism,innovate scientific management and provide long-term guarantee to promote the"Five Clean-ups"action.The"Five Clean-ups"campaign should be normalized and sustainable,so that the"Five Clean-ups"campaign can become a pre-requisite and transitional policy for building beautiful villages and continuing rural revitalization.