可持续发展视域下我国公办民办幼儿园资源均衡配置水平测评与政策建议

On the Balanced Resources Allocation of Public and Private Kindergartens in China from the Perspective of Sustainable Development

学前教育资源的均衡配置是实现教育公平、推进学前教育可持续发展的前提和内在要求。本研究在构建公办民办幼儿园资源均衡配置评价指标体系的基础上,采用加权算术平均模型对我国公办民办幼儿园资源均衡配置状况进行测评。结果发现,全国公办民办幼儿园资源均衡配置总体水平一般,且不同类型的教育资源均衡配置程度各异,呈现出“物力资源处于高均衡水平、人力资源处于较高均衡水平、财力资源处于欠均衡水平”的特点。同时,受经济发展水平与城镇化水平的影响,省际间差异明显,高均衡和较高均衡省份不足,一般均衡和欠均衡省份居多。政府应通过拓宽资源筹集渠道,完善资源分配制度,优化资源配置结构,强化资源配置的监督管理等举措来完善和优化学前教育资源配置,促进公办民办幼儿园协调并举发展。

The balanced allocation of preschool education resources is the premise and internal requirement of realizing educational equity and promoting sustainable development of preschool education.This study constructs the evaluation index system of the balanced allocation of resources in public and private kindergartens and uses the weighted arithmetic average model to evaluate the balanced allocation of resources in public and private kindergartens in China.The results show that the overall level of balanced allocation of resources in public and private kindergartens in China is average,and different types of educational resources have different levels of balance,showing a level pattern of“material resources at a high level of balance,human resources at a less high level of balance,financial resources at an unbalanced level”.In addition,owe to the level of economic development,there are obvious differences among provinces,of which most are general-balanced or under-balanced ones.To promote the coordinated development of public and private kindergartens,the government should improve and optimize the allocation of preschool education resources by widening the channels of resource raising,perfecting the system of resource allocation,optimizing the structure of resource allocation,and strengthening the supervision and management of resource allocation.