理想、政治、学术与诗歌——诗解刘师培

Ideals,Politics,Scholarship and Poetry—Interpretation of Liu Shipei from the Perspective of Poetry

刘师培之诗歌,是其思想和行迹的记录。早年的刘师培,投身革命。他曾更名光汉,是与光复会“光复汉族,还我山河”的宗旨相合。而其当时发表的大量诗作,则多宣扬排满的主张。当然,作为民族革命的理论基础,“国粹”之说在他的诗歌中也得以弘扬。嗣后,刘师培首鼠两端,投靠端方,其诗歌则反映了他叛变的思想动机。而刘师培在诗歌中,也抒写了其从事学术研究的兴趣所在,当然还有他没有公开宣示于人的学术评价,包括对自我的评判,这或许更接近其真实的想法。阅读刘师培之诗集,更可以体会刘师培的诗学宗趣和诗歌风格。再通过梳理他与诗友之间的交谊赠答,判断其在晚清众多的诗歌流派中受湖湘派和同光体的影响,从而确定刘师培在近代诗坛之地位。

Liu Shipei's poems are records of his thoughts and deeds.Liu Shipei devoted himself to the revolution in his early years.He once changed his name to Liu Guanghan,which was in line with the plank of the Restoration Society to overthrow the Qing Dynasty and restore the rule of the Han Nationality.A large number of poems he published at that time mostly advocated the idea of overthrowing the Manchu regime.Of course,as the theoretical basis of the national revolution,the theory of the"national quintessence"was also carried forward in his poems.Afterwards,Liu Shipei took refuge in Duan Fang,and his poems reflected the ideological motivation for his defection.Liu Shipei's poems expressed his academic interests,and the academic evaluations of himself and others,which were not publicly disclosed,may be closer to his real thoughts.By reading Liu Shipei's poetry collection,we can better understand Liu Shipei's poetic interests and style.On this basis,this paper analyzes how Liu Shipei was influenced by Huxiang school and Tongguang style,which further established Liu Shipei's position in the history of poetry.