风险社会学:关联性学术知识谱系及演进发展

On risk sociological evolution and development of its relevant academic knowledge pedigree

为探索社会学对于与风险密切关联议题的学科知识体系研究状况,采用文献述评的方法,着眼于社会学分支体系,回溯社会学诞生以来的风险研究尤其风险社会学,作为学术知识体系的探索。研究结果显示:20世纪80年代风险社会学作为学科性知识体系的探索已具雏形,但迄今尚未发展成熟;与此同时,社会学对与风险密切关联的议题如冲突、危机、灾害(灾难)、安全、应急等的研究在国内外陆续诞生,从而形成一个庞大的应用社会学分支(家族谱系)。直到今天,风险社会学及其谱系均未成为完整的“显学”,但它们在中国这块土壤上有其成长基础和大有作为;中国社会学界、安全科学界、应急管理界应该加大扶持和研究力度,促进风险社会学谱系的发展壮大,从而进一步凸显中国风格、中国经验,进一步丰富中国特色社会学、安全科学和应急管理的理论体系、话语体系和学科体系,促进人类命运共同体安全发展。

In order to explore the disciplinary knowledge system research of sociology on risk-related issues,the method of literature review was used to retrospect the risk research since the birth of sociology,especially the exploration of risk sociology as an academic knowledge system.Research results show that the exploration of risk sociology as a disciplinary knowledge system was initially formed in the 1980s,but it has not yet developed into a mature one.At the same time,sociological research on risk-related issues,such as conflict,crisis,disaster(catastrophe),security and emergency,have emerged at home and abroad one after another,thus forming a huge“family tree”of knowledge.This study shows that until today,the sociology of risk and its genealogy have not become a complete“explicit learning”for many reasons,but they have their own growth foundation and great achievements in China.Sociology,safety science and emergency management should increase support and research efforts to promote the development and growth of the risk sociology pedigree,so as to further highlight Chinese style and Chinese experience,and enrich the theoretical system,discourse system and discipline system for sociology,safety science and emergency response with Chinese characteristics,which promotes safe development of the community with a shared future for mankind.