11份新疆野生黄花苜蓿形态学比较及倍性检验

Comparison and ploidy test of 11 resources of wild Medicago falcata from Xinjiang

以11份新疆野生黄花苜蓿(Medicago falcata)为材料,在同质园中通过对其形态特征及染色体倍性比较分析,以期为新疆黄花苜蓿资源评价及核心种质构建提供参考依据。通过形态学的测量以及以新疆大叶苜蓿(M.sativa‘Xinjiang Daye’)作为倍性检验的参照材料,使用CyFlow Space流式细胞仪对相关参试材料进行倍性检测。结果表明,11个材料的13个性状之间变异系数为7.62%~19.98%,11个材料之间的变异系数为9.66%~17.22%,平均变异系数为13.56%。聚类分析将11个材料分为5类:其中YM、MNS-2、YW-13份材料各成一类,YM为二倍体材料,叶面积最小,花部性状较好,可以作为杂交育种以及构建新疆野生黄花苜蓿核心种质库的重要材料;MNS-2为四倍体材料,绝对株高最高;YW-1为复合体材料,茎粗及单序小花数最高;其余材料均为四倍体,其中AGXWB和MNS-1聚为一类,此类的特征是具有较长的节间、较多的茎节数以及叶片面积较大;材料BLK、YL、YW-2、FY、JMN、ALT聚为一类。

Eleven wild Medicago falcata from Xinjiang were compared to determine their morphological characteristics and chromosome ploidy in a homogeneous garden to provide a reference for evaluating Xinjiang M.falcata L.resources and construction of core germplasm.The morphology was evaluated.As a reference material,M.sativa‘Xinjiang Daye’was used for the ploidy test on a CyFlow Space flow cytometer,and the materials were treated using a Sysmex Partec GmbH Arndtstraβe 11 a-b kit.The coefficient of variation among the traits of M.falcata ranged from 7.62%~19.98%and the coefficient of variation among materials ranged from 9.66%~17.22%,with an average coefficient of variation of 13.56%.In cluster analysis,the 11 materials were divided into five categories at a Euclidean distance of 10,among which YM,MNS-2,and YW-1 each formed one category.The YM was a diploid material with the smallest leaf area and was used for crossbreeding and constructing a core germplasm bank of wild yellow clover in Xinjiang.The MNS-2 was a tetraploid material with the largest absolute plant height.The YW-1 was a composite material with the largest stem thickness and the largest number of inflorescences.The remaining materials were tetraploids,among which AGXWB and MNS-1 were grouped and characterized by longer internodes,more stem nodes,and larger leaf areas.The materials BLK,YL,YW-2,FY,JMN,and ALT were clustered into one group.